Seagate ST1144A
From Computer History Wiki
The ST1144A (sometimes referred to as a ST-1144A) was a disk drive for IBM-compatible PCs from Seagate.
disktab
for 386 BSD
st1144a|Seagate 122Mb IDE:\
:dt=ST506:ty=winchester:se#512:nt#7:ns#35:nc#1021:sf:\
:pa#11760:oa#0:ta=4.2BSD:ba#4096:fa#512:\
:pb#65560:ob#11760tb=swap:\
:pc#250145:oc#0:\
:ph#172480:oh#77320:th=4.2BSD:bh#4096:fh#512:
data sheet
S T 1 1 4 4 A - 3 2 SEAGATE
NO MORE PRODUCED Native| Translation
------+-----+-----+-----
Form 3.5"/HH Cylinders | 1024| |
Capacity form/unform 130/ MB Heads | 14| |
Seek time / track 19.0/ 8.0 ms Sector/track | 17| |
Controller IDE / AT Precompensation
Cache/Buffer 32 KB Landing Zone
Data transfer rate 1.500 MB/S int Bytes/Sector 512
4.000 MB/S ext
Recording method RLL 2/7 operating | non-operating
-------------+--------------
Supply voltage 5/12 V Temperature *C 10 50 | -40 60
Power: sleep W Humidity % 8 80 | 5 90
standby 8.0 W Altitude km -0.305 3.048| -0.305 9.140
idle W Shock g 2 | 50
seek W Rotation RPM 3528
read/write 9.0 W Acoustic dBA 40
spin-up W ECC Bit
MTBF h 150000
Warranty Month
Lift/Lock/Park YES Certificates CSA,FCC,TUV,UL478,VDE
Layout
SEAGATE ST1057A/1102A/1144A/-32 PRODUCT MANUAL 36130-003, REV.C
+------------------------------------------------------+
| User +-------1 |XX
+++LED Configuration 10-------+ |XX
| | Jumpers |XX
+++ |XX
| |XX AT
| |XX INTERFACE
| |XX CONNECTOR
| |XX
| |XX
| |XX
| |XX
| | 1
| |xx
| |XX Power
| |XX
+------------------------------------------------------+ 1
Jumpers
SEAGATE ST1057A/1102A/1144A/-32 PRODUCT MANUAL 36130-003, REV.C
Jumper setting
--------------
x = Jumpers set from factory
User Configuration Jumper block
-------------------------------
+---------------+
| 9 7 5 3 1 |
|10 8 6 4 2 |
+---------------+
1- 2 Life Test
3- 4 Master
5- 6 Slave Present
7- 8 RESERVED
9-10 Remote LED
Life Test at the User Configuration Jumper block
-------------------------------------------------
This is a test function used during the manufacturing process and is
not intended for fiel use. When pins 1 and 2 at the User
Configuration Jumper block are shorted, the drive will continuously
seek between Track 0 and the maximum data cylinder, ignoring all
control signals sent via the interface.
Master/Slave at the User Configuration Jumper block
---------------------------------------------------
+---------------------------+--------+--------+
| | 3-4 | 5-6 |
+---------------------------+--------+--------+
x |Single drive only |CLOSED | OPEN |
+---------------------------+--------+--------+
|Master in two drive system |CLOSED | CLOSED|
+---------------------------+--------+--------+
|Slave in two drive system |OPEN | OPEN |
+---------------------------+--------+--------+
If the host system contains more than two drives, one drive will be
configured as the Slave. If your system uses only one drive,
configure it as a Master with No Slave Present.
User Configuration Jumper block Reserved
------------------------------------------
7-8 Reserved
Remote LED
----------
When pins 9 and 10 at the User Configuration Jumper Block are
shorted, the drive will indicate activity to the host via the /HOST
SLV/ACT line (pin 39) on the AT interface. This line may be connected
directly to a +5 VDC LED. The line is current limited to 30 mA
nominal.
DC Power and pin connector assignments
--------------------------------------
+------------+ pin 1 +12 VDC
| 1 2 3 4 | pin 2 +12 VDC Gnd
+------------+ pin 3 + 5 VDC Gnd
pin 4 + 5 VDC
Install
SEAGATE ST1057A/1102A/1144A/-32 PRODUCT MANUAL 36130-003, REV.C
Notes on installation
=====================
Drive mounting
--------------
horizontally vertically
+-----------------+ +--+ +--+ +------------------+
| | | +-----+ +-----+ | | | x
| | | | | | | | x+----------------+x
+-+-----------------+-+ | | | | | | ||x x||
+---------------------+ | | | | | | || x x ||
| | | | | | || x x ||
x x | | | | | | || x x ||
+------x------x-------+ | +-----+ +-----+ | || xx ||
+-+------x--x-------+-+ +--+ +--+ || x x ||
| xx | || x x ||
| x x | || x x ||
+---x--------x----+ |x x|
x x x++----------------++x
UNACCEPTABLE! UNACCEPTABLE!
Never install PC board on the Top!
The drive may be mounted horizontally with the PC board down or on
either side. Mounting vertically on either end is a prohibited orien-
tation.
The drive should not be tilted front or back, in any position, by
more than 5*. For optimum performance, the drive should be formatted
in the same position as it will be mounted in the host system.
The mounting screws must not exceed inside the mounting feet more
than 3.2 mm, measured from the outside surface of the foot.
AT Interface
------------
The ST1057A, ST1102A and ST1144A use the industry-standard IBM
task-file interface. They support both 8-bit and 16-bit data
transfer, and have no DMA capability. All data transfers are done via
programmed I/O. For further information on Seagate's implementation
of the AT interface, refer to the Seagate AT Interface manual,
publication number 36111-XXX. Up to two drives can be connected on
the same host bus.
AT Interface Connector Requirements
-----------------------------------
The drive connector is a 40-conductor connector with 2-rows of 20
male pins on 100 mil centers.
The mating cable connector is a 40-conductor nonshielded connector
with 2-rows of 20 female contacts on 100 mil centers.
AT Interface Cable
------------------
Maximum cable length: 18 inches (457 mm)
Shipping zone
-------------
At power-down, the read/write heads automatically move to the ship-
ping zone. The shipping zone is an area inboard from the maximum data
cylinder.
When power is applied, the heads will recalibrate to Track 0.
Input Noise
-----------
Maximum permitted input noise ripple: 100 mV (peak-to-peak)
Maximum permitted input noise: 20 MHz.
Ripple measured at the host system power supply across an equivalent
20 resistive load on the +12 V line and an equivalent 8 load on the
+5 V line.
Shock and vibrations
--------------------
It is recommended that any external shock mounts between the drive
and the host frame be designed so that the composite system has a
vertical resonant frequency of 25 Hz or less. A minimum clearence of
0.050-inches should be allowed around the entire perimeter of the
drive to allow for cooling airflow and motion during mechanical shock
or vibration. All shock specifications assume that the drive is
mounted in a approved orientation with the input levels at the drive
mounting screws.
Onboard Drive Diagnostics
-------------------------
At power-on the drive will execute a series of diagnostic tests.
Failure are indicated by a series of LED (front panel) flashes.
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Flashes | Drive Error Condition |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Irregular | 8051 Microprocessor Error |
| Pattern | |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| 2 | 8051 Microprocessor ROM Checksum Test |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| 3 | External RAM Error |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| 4 | AT Interface Chip Error |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| 5 | Buffer RAM Error |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
FCC Verification
----------------
Warning: The ST1144 Family drives are intended to be contained solely
within a personal computer or similar enclosure and not attached to
an external device. As such, they are considered to be subassemblies
even when individually marketed to the customer.
Features
SEAGATE ST1057A/1102A/1144A/-32 PRODUCT MANUAL 36130-003, REV.C
AT Interface Connecter Pin Assignments
--------------------------------------
pin signal I/O | pin signal I/O
---------------------------+--------------------------
01 /Host Reset O | 21 Reserved O
---------------------------+--------------------------
02 Ground | 22 Ground
---------------------------+--------------------------
03 Host Data 7 I/O | 23 /HIOW O
---------------------------+--------------------------
04 Host Data 8 I/O | 24 Ground
---------------------------+--------------------------
05 Host Data 6 I/O | 25 /HIOR O
---------------------------+--------------------------
06 Host Data 9 I/O | 26 Ground
---------------------------+--------------------------
07 Host Data 5 I/O | 27 Reserved
---------------------------+--------------------------
08 Host Data 10 I/O | 28 Reserved
---------------------------+--------------------------
09 Host Data 4 I/O | 29 Reserved
---------------------------+--------------------------
10 Host Data 11 I/O | 30 Ground
---------------------------+--------------------------
11 Host Data 3 I/O | 31 IRQ14 I
---------------------------+--------------------------
12 Host Data 12 I/O | 32 Host IO16 I
---------------------------+--------------------------
13 Host Data 2 I/O | 33 Host ADDR 1 O
---------------------------+--------------------------
14 Host Data 13 I/O | 34 /PDIAG Notes
---------------------------+--------------------------
15 Host Data 1 I/O | 35 Host ADDR 0 O
---------------------------+--------------------------
16 Host Data 14 I/O | 36 Host ADDR 2 O
---------------------------+--------------------------
17 Host Data 0 I/O | 37 /Host CSO O
---------------------------+--------------------------
18 Host Data 15 I/O | 38 /Host CS1 O
---------------------------+--------------------------
19 Ground | 39 /DASP Notes
---------------------------+--------------------------
20 Key No Pin| 40 Ground
---------------------------+--------------------------
Notes:
* /Indicates active low signal. Direction is with respect to
the host
* I indicates to the host, O indicates from the host
Reserved pins/ground do not have direction
* /PDIAG and /DASP are used for communication between
Master and Slave drive
AT Bus Signal Levels
--------------------
Signal driven by the drive must have the following output character-
istics at the drive connector:
Logic Low: 0 to 0.4 VDC
Logic High: 2.5 to 5.25 VDC
Signal received by the drive must have the following input character-
istics, measured at the drive connector:
Logic Low: 0 to 0.8 VDC
Logic High: 2.0 to 5.25 VDC
DC Power Specifications
-----------------------
Power may be applied or removed in any sequence without loss of data
or damage to the drive, exceept during a write operation. Typical
current and power specifications assume nominal voltages applied,
25*C ambient temperature, sea-level and spindle rotating.
Maximum current specifications assum 10*C ambient temperature, +5.25
VDC and +12.6 VDC applied, sea-level and spindle rotating.
Maximum seek currents are measured on repetitive 3-track buffered
seeks with one-half spindle ratation between each seek.
Voltage tolerance (incl. ripple): 5%
At Interface Seek Time Definition
---------------------------------
Seek time is a true statistical average (at least 5,000 measure-
ments) of seek time, less overhead.
Track-to-track seek time is the average of all possible single-
track seeks in both directions.
Average seek time is measured by executing seek in both directions
between random sector addresses.
Full-stroke seek time is one-half the time needed to seek from the
first data block to the maximum data block and back to the first data
block.
Note: Host overhead varies between systems and cannot be specified.
Controller overhead is typically less than 500 sec.
----------------------------------+--------+
Track-to-Track msec. typ. | 6 |
msec. max. | 8 |
Average msec. typ. | 19 |
Average msec. max. | 20 |
Full-Stroke msec. typ. | 38 |
msec. max. | 40 |
Latency msec. avg. | 8.50 |
----------------------------------+--------+
UL/CSA Listing
--------------
These drives are listed in accordance with UL 478 and CSA C22.2
(0-M1982), and meet all applicable sections if IEC 380 and VDE
0806/08.81, as tested by TUV-Rheinland, North America.
Reliability
-----------
MTBF: 150,000 POH (nominal power, sea level,
25*C ambient temperature)
PM: Not Required
MTTR: 30 Minutes
Service life: 5 Years
General
SEAGATE SUPPORT SERVICES
Seagate Technology
------------------
Technical Support Services
If you need assistance installing your drive, consult your dealer.
Dealers are familiar with their unique system configurations and can
help you with system conflicts and other technical issues. If you
need additional assistance with your Seagate(r) drive or other
Seagate products, use one of the Seagate technical support services
listed below.
SeaFONE at 1-800-SEAGATE (1-800-732-4283)
Seagate's 800 number allows toll-free access to automated self-help
services, providing answers to commonly asked questions,
troubleshooting tips and specifications for disc drives and tape
drives. This service is available 24 hours daily and requires a
touch-tone phone. If you need to speak to a technical support
engineer, dial this number and listen to the options for technical
support. (International callers can also reach this automated
self-help service by dialing 408-456-4496).
Seagate Technology online services
Using a modem, you can obtain troubleshooting tips, free utility
programs, drive specifications and jumper settings for Seagate's
entire product line. You can also download software for installing
and analyzing your drive.
SeaNET
You can obtain technical information on Seagate drives, Seagate
software and much more over the Internet from Seagate's World Wide
Web home page (http://www.seagate.com) or Seagate's ftp server
(ftp://ftp.seagate.com).
You may also send E-mail with your questions to DiscSupport@
Seagate.com or TapeSupport@Seagate.com.
SeaBOARD
SeaBOARD is a computer bulletin board system (BBS) that contains
information about Seagate's disc and tape drive products and is
available 24 hours daily. Set your communications software to eight
data bits, no parity and one stop bit (8-N-1). SeaBOARD phone numbers
are listed in the following table.
BBS Location Modem number
United States Disc: 408-434-1080; Tape: 408-456-4415
England 44-1628-478011
France 33 1-48 25 35 95
Germany 49-89-140-9331
Singapore 65-292-6973
Thailand 662-531-8111
Australia 61-2-9756-2359
Taiwan 886-2-719-6075
Seagate CompuServe forum
Online technical support for Seagate products is available on
CompuServe. To access our technical support forum, type go seagate.
This forum provides information similar to that found on SeaBOARD.
In addition, you can type questions or browse through previous
questions and answers on the forum messages.
Seagate Technology FAX services
SeaFAX
You can use a touch-tone telephone to access Seagate's automated FAX
system to receive technical support information by return FAX. This
service is available 24 hours daily.
Location Telephone number
United States 1-800-SEAGATE or 408-456-4496
England 44-1628-894084
Australia 61-2-9756-5170
Seagate technical support FAX
You can FAX questions or comments to technical support specialists 24
hours daily. Responses are sent during business hours.
Location FAX number
United States 408-944-9120
England 44-1628-890660
France 33 1-46 04 42 50
Germany 49-89-1430-5100
Australia 61-2-9725-4052
Singapore 65-293-4722
Hong Kong 852-2368 7173
Taiwan 886-2-715-2923
Korea 82-2-556-7294/4251
Seagate technical support
You can talk to a technical support specialist during business hours
Monday through Friday for one-on-one technical help. Before calling,
note your system configuration and drive model number (STxxxx). There
are several technical support phone numbers available for various
Seagate products.
Location Telephone number
United States Please dial 1-800-SEAGATE for the specific product
telephone number.
(6:00 A.M. to 11:15 A.M., 12:30 P.M. to 5:00 P.M.,
Pacific time, M-F)
England 44-1628-894083 (10:00 A.M. to 1:00 P.M., 2:00 P.M. to
5:00 P.M., M-F)
France 33 1-41 86 10 86 (9:30 A.M. to 12:30 P.M., 2:00
P.M. to 5:00 P.M., M-F)
Germany Disc: 49-89-140-9332; (9:30 A.M. to 12:30 P.M., 2:00
P.M. to 4:00 P.M., M-F)
Tape: 49-89-140-9333
Australia 61-2-9725-3366 (9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., M-F)
Singapore 65-290-3998 (9:00 A.M. to 12:00 P.M., 2:00
P.M. to 5:00 P.M., M-F)
Hong Kong 852-2368 9918
Taiwan 886-2-514-2237
Korea 82-2-556-8241
SeaTDD 408-944-9121
Using a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD), you can send
questions or comments 24 hours daily and exchange messages with a
technical support specialist between 6:00 A.M. to 11:15 A.M. and
12:30 P.M. to 5:00 P.M. (Pacific time) Monday through Friday.
Customer Service Centers
Seagate direct OEM, Distribution, System Integrator and Retail
customers should contact your Seagate Service Representative for
warranty information. Other customers contact your place of
purchase. Seagate offers comprehensive customer support for all
Seagate drives. Seagate customer service centers are the only
facilities authorized to service Seagate drives. These services are
available worldwide.
Location Telephone number FAX number
United States 1-800-468-3472; 405-949-6740
Other Americas
(Canada & Brazil) 405-949-6706; 405-949-6738
Mexico 525-546-6965; 525-546-4888
Europe, Middle
East & Africa 31-2065-43300; 31-2065-34320
Asia Pacific &
Australia 65-485-3595; 65-485-4980
Japan 81-3-5462-2904; 81-3-3462-2979
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Seagate logo are registered
trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. SeaFAX, SeaFONE, SeaBOARD,
SeaTDD, SeaNET, Medalist and DiscWizard are either trademarks or
registered trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. or one of its
subsidiaries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the
property of their respective owners.
386bsd advice
I'm following up on this here instead of replying directly, since
this is a problem lots of people seem to need help with.
Paul Richards writes:
>Does anyone have a disktab entry for a Seagate ST-1144A?
There could be several. :-) The disk uses "zone bit recording", which
can be a pain. This means it does not actually have a fixed geometry,
but has more sectors per track on the outer tracks, and lies to the
controller about what it actually has.
As an aside, it does, according to Seagate, have 14336 17-sector
tracks, logically organized as 1001 cylinders of 15 heads. These
specs don't match, and don't add up to their specified 130.7 Mb
formatted capacity, either. ZBR is fun!
Anyway, you say that your machine claims there are 1021 cylinders, 7
heads and 35 sectors per track. If so, use that. (Especially if you
can verify that the drive works for DOS.)
>I've played around with a few entries but I keep getting errors. The most
>common is bad format in bad144 file or something like that. I also had
>some warnings when I used newfs about unallocated sectors so I think my
>disktab isn't quite right.
OK, you've got two problems. The first is simply that you haven't set
up your bad sector area correctly, and the second that you don't have
your partition boundaries and cylinder boundaries aligned.
The basic allocation unit to use when partitioning the disk is the
cylinder. With your logical geometry, the cylinder holds 7*35=245
sectors. Thus, you'll want to make every partition be a multiple of
245 sectors. The 'c' partition has to be the whole disk, or
7*35*1021=250145 sectors.
Then, you have to allocate your partitions so that at least one track
plus 126 sectors at the end of the 'c' partition are not used by any
other partition. This space is for the bad144 bad sector table. In
your case, 1 cylinder will be enough for this. Say that you want to
have a 6Mb root, a 32Mb swap, and the rest (approx 84Mb) for the usr
partition. We then get:
Partition a: 6Mb / 122.5 Kb per cylinder = 50 cylinders
Partition b: 32Mb / 122.5 Kb per cylinder = 267 cylinders
Partition h: 1021 - 1 - 50 - 267 = 703 cylinders
However, even though cylinder boundaries are fine for the file system,
multiples of 16 cylinders is what it loves the best. So, if I can,
I like to let it have that in the partitions that I want to make
file systems on. This translates into:
Partition a: 48 cylinders * 245 sectors = 11760 sectors
Partition b: 268 cylinders * 245 sectors = 65560 sectors
Partition c: 1021 cylinders * 245 sectors = 250145 sectors
Partition h: 704 cylinders * 245 sectors = 172480 sectors
Note that I use the 'h' partition for /usr. There is a bug in the
disklabel program that makes it write an incomplete partition table if
you don't define 'h'. I would use the following for a disktab:
st1144a|Seagate 122Mb IDE:\
:dt=ST506:ty=winchester:se#512:nt#7:ns#35:nc#1021:sf:\
:pa#11760:oa#0:ta=4.2BSD:ba#4096:fa#512:\
:pb#65560:ob#11760tb=swap:\
:pc#250145:oc#0:\
:ph#172480:oh#77320:th=4.2BSD:bh#4096:fh#512:
Now, with the partition table set up correctly, you use disklabel to
set the stuff up on the disk, and then *immediately* use bad144 to
initialize the bad sector table to "no bad sectors present":
# disklabel -r -w wd0 st1144a jolix
# bad144 wd0 -f
Note that the '-f' goes behind the disk name, not in front of it. The
documentation (or the program) is wrong here. Oh, and the "jolix"
parameter is just the label (or name) you want to give to this
particular disk... :-)
Then reboot, and proceed to newfs your wd0a and wd0h partitions. You
should see none of the error messages you mention. Before using newfs,
you might want to check the partition table and bad144 table, though:
# disklabel -r wd0
# bad144 wd0
Output should look reasonable, with no error messages. Ignore any
"wd0: extra interrupt" messages, as they just seem to happen a bit
during this phase... :-)
Good luck! Write if I can be of more help!
