Computer History Wiki - User contributions [en]

User talk:WikiSysop

2007-05-16T19:21:58Z

WikiSysop:

This guy eats too much lutefisk, lol :D
:It's guud fur yuoo, LOL ^__^ [[User:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] 12:21, 16 May 2007 (PDT)

Template:Year

2007-05-16T03:07:07Z

WikiSysop: Added a cat

{| class="infobox bordered" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; width: 25em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%" align="right"
| colspan="6" style="text-align:center; font-size: large;" | '''{{{year}}}'''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | [[{{{prev}}}|<<]]
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{{prev}}}
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| {{{next}}}
| style="text-align:center;" | [[{{{next}}}|>>]]
|}
[[Category: Year]]

Template:!

2007-05-16T03:04:36Z

WikiSysop: Protected "Template:!": This is a technical template used for formatting in a bunch of other templates. No reason to modify it. [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

MediaWiki:Common.css

2007-05-16T03:02:31Z

WikiSysop: Yanked a bunch of CSS from Wikipedia.

/** CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */

/* CSS below yanked from Wikipedia by toresbe on 2007-05-16 05:01. */

/*

'''Common [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] for all skins'''

'''Notice to Administrators!'''



Any changes to [[Mediawiki:Monobook.css|Monobook.css]] or [[MediaWiki:Common.css|Common.css]] should be first proposed to [[Wikipedia:Village Pump]].

Always check with the [http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/validator?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DMediaWiki%3ACommon.css%26action%3Draw%26ctype%3Dtext%2Fcss&usermedium=all W3C CSS Validation Service] ([http://qa-dev.w3.org:8001/css-validator/validator?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DMediaWiki%3ACommon.css%26action%3Draw%26ctype%3Dtext%2Fcss&warning=2&profile=css3&usermedium=all CVS version]) after any changes.

Thank you.

(In [[Mozilla]] and [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]], you can test style changes dynamically with the [http://www.squarefree.com/bookmarklets/webdevel.html test styles] bookmarklet from squarefree.com. It pops up a window for adding style rules, and updates the page as you type.)

See also the [[Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes|catalogue of CSS classes]].
{{interwiki-all}}
<pre><nowiki>*/

/* Main page fixes */
.interwiki-completelist {
font-weight: bold;
}

/* make the list of references look smaller */
ol.references {
font-size: 100%;
}

.references-small { font-size: 90%;}

/* VALIDATOR NOTICE: the following is correct, but the W3C validator doesn't accept it */
/* -moz-* is a vendor-specific extension (CSS 2.1 4.1.2.1) */
/* column-count is from the CSS3 module "CSS Multi-column Layout" */
/* Please ignore any validator errors caused by these two lines */
.references-2column {
font-size: 90%;
-moz-column-count:2;
column-count:2;
}

.same-bg { background: none }

/* Highlight clicked reference in blue to help navigation */

ol.references > li:target {
background-color: #DEF;
}

sup.reference:target {
background-color: #DEF;
}

/* wikitable/prettytable class for skinning normal tables */

table.wikitable,
table.prettytable {
margin: 1em 1em 1em 0;
background: #f9f9f9;
border: 1px #aaa solid;
border-collapse: collapse;
}

table.wikitable th, table.wikitable td,
table.prettytable th, table.prettytable td {
border: 1px #aaa solid;
padding: 0.2em;
}

table.wikitable th,
table.prettytable th {
background: #f2f2f2;
text-align: center;
}

table.wikitable caption,
table.prettytable caption {
margin-left: inherit;
margin-right: inherit;
font-weight: bold;
}

/* default skin for navigation boxes */
table.navbox {
background-color: #f9f9f9;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
clear: both;
font-size: 90%;
margin: 1em 0em 0em;
padding: 2px;
text-align: center;
width: 100%;
}

table.navbox th {
background-color: #ccf;
padding-left: 1em;
padding-right: 1em;
}

table.navbox tr:not(:first-child) th {
background-color: #ddf;
}

@media print {
.navbox {
display: none;
}
}

/* Infobox template style */

.infobox {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
color: black;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
margin-left: 1em;
padding: 0.2em;
float: right;
clear: right;
}
.infobox td,
.infobox th {
vertical-align: top;
}
.infobox caption {
font-size: larger;
margin-left: inherit;
}
.infobox.bordered {
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.infobox.bordered td,
.infobox.bordered th {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
}
.infobox.bordered .borderless td,
.infobox.bordered .borderless th {
border: 0;
}

.infobox.sisterproject {
width: 20em;
font-size: 90%;
}

@media print {
.infobox.sisterproject {
display: none;
}
}

/* styles for bordered infobox with merged rows */
.infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,
.infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th {
border: 0;
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
border-right: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,
.infobox.bordered .mergedrow th {
border: 0;
border-right: 1px solid #aaa;
}

/* styles for geography infoboxes, e.g. countries, country subdivisions, cities, etc. */

.infobox.geography {
text-align: left;
border-collapse: collapse;
line-height: 1.2em;
font-size: 90%;
}

.infobox.geography td,
.infobox.geography th {
border-top: solid 1px #aaa;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
}
.infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,
.infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th {
border-top: solid 1px #aaa;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedrow td,
.infobox.geography .mergedrow th {
border: 0;
padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,
.infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th {
border-top: 0;
border-bottom: solid 1px #aaa;
padding: 0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .maptable td,
.infobox.geography .maptable th {
border: 0;
padding: 0;
}

/* Style for "notices" */
.notice {
margin: 1em;
padding: 0.2em;
}

#disambig {
border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
}

#spoiler {
border-top: 2px solid #ddd;
border-bottom:2px solid #ddd;
}

/* Standard talk template style */

.Talk-Notice {
border: 1px solid #C0C090;
background-color: #F8EABA;
margin-bottom: 3px;
width: 85%;
border-spacing: 3px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}

.Talk-Notice:after {
content: "The CSS for this template should be changed. See [[Wikipedia:Template Standardisation]].";
}

/* Make template background appear correctly on all browsers */
.Talk-Notice td {
background: inherit;
}

/* Persondata */
table.persondata {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
display: none;
speak: none;
}
.persondata-label {
color: #aaa;
}

/* Makes redirects appear in italics on [[Special:Allpages]] */
.allpagesredirect {
font-style: italic;
}

/* Choose whether to have AD/BC dates or CE/BCE dates*/

/* First, the default : display both : See templates ADCE and BCEBC for how these are used*/
.Use_Default_Date_Convention { display: inline; }
.Use_AD_and_BC { display: none; }
.Use_BCE_and_CE { display: none; }

/* If you want to display AD and BC add the following to User:You/monobook.css page */
/*
.Use_Default_Date_Convention { display: none; }
.Use_AD_and_BC { display:inline; }
.Use_BCE_and_CE { display:none; }
*/

/*If you want to display CE and BCE add the following to User:You/monobook.css page */
/*
.Use_Default_Date_Convention { display: none; }
.Use_AD_and_BC { display:none; }
.Use_BCE_and_CE {display:inline; }
*/

/* Class for links with loudspeaker icon next to them */

.audiolink a{
background: url("http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png") center left no-repeat !important;
padding-left: 16px !important;
padding-right: 0 !important;
}

/* Icons for medialist templates [[Template:Listen]], [[Template:Multi-listen_start]], [[Template:Video]], [[Template:Multi-video_start]] */

div.listenlist {
background: url("http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gnome-speakernotes.png/30px-Gnome-speakernotes.png");
padding-left: 40px;
}

div.videolist, div.multivideolist {
background: url("http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/40px-Tango-video-x-generic.png");
padding-left: 50px;
}

/* Style rules for media list templates */

div.medialist {
min-height: 50px;
margin: 1em;
background-position: top left;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

div.medialist ul {
list-style-type: none;
list-style-image: none;
margin: 0;
}

div.medialist ul li {
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}

div.medialist ul li li {
font-size: 91%;
padding-bottom: 0;
}

/* Change the external link icon to an Adobe icon for all PDF files */
/* (in browsers that support these CSS selectors, like Mozilla and Opera) */
#bodyContent a[href$=".pdf"].external,
#bodyContent a[href*=".pdf?"].external,
#bodyContent a[href*=".pdf#"].external,
#bodyContent a[href$=".PDF"].external,
#bodyContent a[href*=".PDF?"].external,
#bodyContent a[href*=".PDF#"].external {
background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif/15px-Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif) center right no-repeat;
padding-right: 16px;
}

/* Change the external link icon to an Adobe icon anywhere the PDFlink class */
/* is used (notably Template:PDFlink). This works in IE, unlike the above. */
span.PDFlink a {
background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif/15px-Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif) center right no-repeat !important;
padding-right: 17px !important;
}

span.geolink a {
background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a7/Monobook-globe.png) center right no-repeat !important;
padding-right: 11px !important;
}

/* Content in columns with CSS instead of tables [[Template:Columns]] */
div.columns-2 div.column {
float: left;
width: 50%;
min-width: 300px;
}

div.columns-3 div.column {
float: left;
width: 33.3%;
min-width: 200px;
}

div.columns-4 div.column {
float: left;
width: 25%;
min-width: 150px;
}

div.columns-5 div.column {
float: left;
width: 20%;
min-width: 120px;
}

/*Add formatting to make sure that "external references" from [[Template:Ref]] do
not get URL expansion, not even when printed. The mechanism up to MediaWiki 1.4 was
that the HTML code contained a SPAN following the anchor A; this SPAN had the class
"urlexpansion", which was not displayed on screen, but was shown when the medium was
"print". The rules below ensure (a) that there is no extra padding to the right of
the anchor (displayed as "[<number>]"), (b) that there is no "external link arrow" for
the link, and (c) that this SPAN of class "urlexpansion" is never shown.
~~~~
*/

.plainlinksneverexpand {
background: none ! important;
padding: 0 ! important;
}

.plainlinksneverexpand .urlexpansion {
display: none ! important;
}

/* Make sure that ext links displayed within "plainlinksneverexpand" don't get
the arrow...
*/
.plainlinksneverexpand a {
background: none !important;
padding: 0 !important;
}

/* With MediaWiki 1.5, the mechanism has changed: instead of a SPAN of class "urlexpansion"
following the anchor A, the anchor itself now has class "external autonumber" and the
expansion is inserted when printing (see the common printing style sheet at
http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/commonPrint.css) using the ":after" pseudo-
element of CSS. We have to switch this off for links due to Template:Ref!
~~~~
*/
.plainlinksneverexpand a.external.text:after {
display: none !important;
}
.plainlinksneverexpand a.external.autonumber:after {
display: none !important;
}

/* Messagebox templates */

.messagebox {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
width: 80%;
margin: 0 auto 1em auto;
padding: .2em;
}
.messagebox.merge {
border: 1px solid #c0b8cc;
background-color: #f0e5ff;
text-align: center;
}
.messagebox.cleanup {
border: 1px solid #9f9fff;
background-color: #efefff;
text-align: center;
}
.messagebox.standard-talk {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
background-color: #f8eaba;
}
.messagebox.nested-talk {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
background-color: #f8eaba;
width: 100%;
margin: 2px 4px 2px 4px;
}

/* Put a checker background at the image description page only visible if the image has transparent background */

#file img {background: url("http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Checker-16x16.png") repeat;}

/* Support for Template:IPA, Template:Unicode and Template:Polytonic. The inherit declaration resets the font for all browsers except MSIE6. The empty comment must remain. Please copy any changes to [[Template:IPA fonts]] and [[Template:Unicode fonts]]. */
.IPA {
font-family: "Chrysanthi Unicode", "Doulos SIL", Gentium, GentiumAlt, Code2000, "TITUS Cyberbit Basic", "DejaVu Sans", "Bitstream Cyberbit", "Arial Unicode MS", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro", "Matrix Unicode";
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
.Unicode {
font-family: Code2000, Code2001, "Free Serif", "TITUS Cyberbit Basic", "Doulos SIL", "Chrysanthi Unicode", "Bitstream Cyberbit", "Bitstream CyberBase", Thryomanes, Gentium, GentiumAlt, "Lucida Grande", "Free Sans", "Arial Unicode MS", "Microsoft Sans Serif", "Lucida Sans Unicode";
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
.latinx {
font-family: Code2000, Code2001, "TITUS Cyberbit Basic", "Microsoft Sans Serif";
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
.polytonic {
font-family: Athena, Gentium, "Palatino Linotype", "Arial Unicode MS", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", Code2000;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
.mufi {
font-family: Alphabetum, Cardo, LeedsUni, Junicode, "TITUS Cyberbit Basic", ALPHA-Demo;
}

/* pseudo-classes in support of [[Template:lang]]. */

:lang(he) {
font-family: "SBL Hebrew", "Ezra SIL SR", "Ezra SIL", Cardo, "Chrysanthi Unicode", "TITUS Cyberbit Basic", "Arial Unicode MS", Narkisim, "Times New Roman";
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(fa) {
font-family: "Nafees Nastaleeq", "Pak Nastaleeq", PDMS_Jauhar;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(ps) {
font-family: "Nafees Nastaleeq", "Pak Nastaleeq", PDMS_Jauhar;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(ur) {
font-family: "Nafees Nastaleeq", "Pak Nastaleeq", PDMS_Jauhar;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(sux-Xsux) {
font-family: Akkadian;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(ja) {
font-family: Code2000, "Arial Unicode MS", "Bitstream Cyberbit", "Bitstream CyberCJK", IPAGothic, IPAPGothic, IPAUIGothic, "Kochi Gothic", IPAMincho, IPAPMincho;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(ko) {
font-family: "Adobe Myungjo Std M", AppleMyungjo, "Baekmuk Batang", "Baekmuk Gulim", Batang, Dotum, DotumChe, Gulim, GulimChe, HYGothic-Extra, HYMyeongJo-Extra, "New Gulim", UnBatang, UnDotum, UnYetgul, UWKMJF;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(zh-Hans) {
font-family: "Adobe Song Std L", "AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni", "AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni MBE", "MS Hei", "MS Song", SimHei;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(zh-Hant) {
font-family: "Adobe Ming Std L", "AR PL New Sung", "AR PL ZenKai Uni", "AR PL ZenKai Uni MBE", MingLiU, PMingLiU;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}
:lang(grc) {
font-family: Athena, Gentium, "Palatino Linotype", "Arial Unicode MS", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", Code2000;
font-family /**/:inherit;
}

#wpSave {
font-weight: bold;
}

/* class hiddenStructure is defunct. See [[Wikipedia:hiddenStructure]] */
.hiddenStructure {
display: inline ! important;
color: #f00;
background-color: #0f0;
}

/* Removes underlines from links */
.nounderlines a {
text-decoration: none;
}

/* Remove underline from IPA links */
.IPA a:link, .IPA a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}

/* Removes useless links from printout */
@media print {
#privacy, #about, #disclaimer {display:none;}
}

#EnWpMpBook { background-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/MP-open-book.png); }
#EnWpMpSearch { background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/MP-magnifying-glass.png) no-repeat top right; }
#EnWpMpSearchInner { float: right; width: 20em; text-align: center; }
#EnWpMpBook2 { background-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/MP-open-book2.png); }

.messagebox.small-talk {
width: 238px;
font-size: 85%;
float: right;
clear: both;
margin: 0 0 1em 1em;
line-height: 1.25em;
background: #F8EABA;
}

/* Standard Navigationsleisten, aka box hiding thingy from .de. Documentation at [[Wikipedia:NavFrame]]. */

div.Boxmerge,
div.NavFrame {
margin: 0px;
padding: 4px;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
text-align: center;
border-collapse: collapse;
font-size: 95%;
}
div.Boxmerge div.NavFrame {
border-style: none;
border-style: hidden;
}
div.NavFrame + div.NavFrame {
border-top-style: none;
border-top-style: hidden;
}
div.NavPic {
background-color: #fff;
margin: 0px;
padding: 2px;
float: left;
}
div.NavFrame div.NavHead {
height: 1.6em;
font-weight: bold;
background-color: #ccccff;
position:relative;
}
div.NavFrame p {
font-size: 100%;
}
div.NavFrame div.NavContent {
font-size: 100%;
}
div.NavFrame div.NavContent p {
font-size: 100%;
}
div.NavEnd {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
line-height: 1px;
clear: both;
}
a.NavToggle {
position:absolute;
top:0px;
right:3px;
font-weight:normal;
font-size:smaller;
}

/* Coloured watchlist numbers */
.mw-plusminus-pos {
color: #006400; /* darkgreen */
}

/* .mw-plusminus-null currently at developer default */

.mw-plusminus-neg {
color: #8B0000; /* darkred */
}

.dablink {
font-style:italic;
padding-left:2em;
}

/* Style for horizontal UL lists */
.horizontal ul {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}

.horizontal li {
padding: 0 0.6em 0 0.4em;
display: inline;
border-right: 1px solid;
}

.horizontal li:last-child {
border-right: none;
padding-right: 0;
}

/* Geographical coordinates

To display coordinates using the notation in the source code, write this in your User:Username/monobook.css:
.geo-default { display: inline } .geo-nondefault { display: none }
.geo-dec { display: inline } .geo-dms { display: inline }

To display coordinates using decimal notation, write this in your User:Username/monobook.css:
.geo-default { display: inline } .geo-nondefault { display: inline }
.geo-dec { display: inline } .geo-dms { display: none }

To display coordinates using DMS notation, write this in your User:Username/monobook.css:
.geo-default { display: inline } .geo-nondefault { display: inline }
.geo-dec { display: none } .geo-dms { display: inline }

To display coordinates in both decimal and DMS notation, write this in your User:Username/monobook.css:
.geo-default { display: inline } .geo-nondefault { display: inline }
.geo-dec { display: inline } .geo-dms { display: inline }
.geo-multi-punct { display: inline }

See [[Template:Coor link]] for how these are used.

Note that the classes "geo", "longitude", and "latitude" are not just styles but also used by the [[Geo microformat]], so the names should not be changed.

*/

.geo-default { display: inline; }
.geo-nondefault { display: none; }
.geo-dms { display: inline; }
.geo-dec { display: inline; }
.geo-multi-punct { display: none; }

.longitude .latitude {
white-space: nowrap;
}

/* This is used for the Geo microformat, but no style is needed for now other than .geo-dec. */
.geo { }

/***** end Geo-related */

/* When <div class="nonumtoc"> is used on the table of contents, the TOC will display without numbers */
.nonumtoc .tocnumber { display:none; }
.nonumtoc #toc ul,
.nonumtoc .toc ul {
line-height: 1.5em;
list-style: none;
margin: .3em 0 0;
padding: 0;
}
.nonumtoc #toc ul ul,
.nonumtoc .toc ul ul {
margin: 0 0 0 2em;
}

/* Allow limiting of which header levels are shown in a TOC; <div class="toclimit-3">, for
instance, will limit to showing ==headings== and ===headings=== but no further (as long as
there are no =headings= on the page, which there shouldn't be according to the MOS). */
.toclimit-2 .toclevel-2 {display:none;}
.toclimit-3 .toclevel-3 {display:none;}
.toclimit-4 .toclevel-4 {display:none;}
.toclimit-5 .toclevel-5 {display:none;}
.toclimit-6 .toclevel-6 {display:none;}
.toclimit-7 .toclevel-7 {display:none;}

/*</nowiki></pre>*/

DECnet

2007-05-15T00:55:07Z

WikiSysop: Reverted edits by 64.107.133.124 (Talk); changed back to last version by Toresbe

{{wp-orig}}
'''DECnet''' is a proprietary suite of network protocols created by [[DEC]], originally released in [[1975]] in order to connect two [[PDP-11]] [[minicomputers]]. It evolved into one of the first peer-to-peer network architectures, thus transforming DEC into a networking powerhouse in the [[1980s]].

Initially built with four layers, it later ([[1992]]) evolved into a seven layer [[Open Systems Interconnection|OSI]] compliant networking protocol, around the time when open systems ([[POSIX]] compliant, i.e. [[Unix-like]]) were grabbing marketshare from the proprietary OSes like VAX/VMS and AlphaVMS.

DECnet was built right into the DEC flagship operating system [[OpenVMS|VAX/VMS]] since its inception.
Digital ported it to its own [[Ultrix]] variant of [[Unix|UNIX]], as well as [[Apple Macintosh]] computers and PCs running both DOS and Windows under the name '''DEC Pathworks''', transforming these systems into DECnet end-nodes in a network of [[VAX]] machines. More recently, an open-source version has been developed for the [[Linux]] OS: see [http://linux-decnet.sourceforge.net/ Linux-DECnet on Sourceforge].

==Brief overview of the evolution of DECnet==

DECnet refers to a specific set of hardware and software networking products which implement the '''DIGITAL Network Architecture''' (DNA). The DIGITAL Network Architecture is essentially a set of documents which define the network architecture in general, state the specifications for each layer of the architecture, and describe the [[protocol stack|protocols]] which operate within each layer. Although [[packet sniffer|network protocol analyzer tools]] tend to categorize all protocols from DIGITAL as "DECnet", strictly speaking, non-routed DIGITAL protocols such as LAT, SCS, AMDS, LAST/LAD are not DECnet protocols and are not part of the DIGITAL Network Architecture.

To trace the evolution of DECnet is to trace the development of DNA. The beginnings of DNA were in the early 1970s. DIGITAL published its first DNA specification at about the same time that [[IBM]] announced its [[Systems Network Architecture]] (SNA). Since that time, development of DNA has evolved through the following phases:

'''Phase I''' ([[1974]])
Support limited to 2 [[PDP-11]]s running the [[RSX-11]] operating system only, with communication over point-to-point ([[DDCMP]]) links between nodes.

'''Phase II''' ([[1976]])
Support for networks of up to 32 nodes with multiple, different implementations which could interoperate with each other. Implementations expanded to included [[RSTS]], [[TOPS-10]] and [[TOPS-20]] with communications between processors still limited to point-to-point links only. Introduction of file transfer (FAL), remote file access (DAP), task-to-task programming interfaces and network management features.

'''Phase III''' ([[1980]]).
Support for networks of up to 255 nodes over point-to point and multi-drop links. Introduction of adaptive routing capability, downline loading (MOP), record access, a network management architecture, and gateways to other types of networks including IBM’s SNA and [[ITU-T|CCITT]] Recommendation [[X.25]].

<div style="float:right;margin:15px;margin-top:0px;padding:0px;border: 1px solid #aaa;">

{| border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2"
|+ '''DECnet Phase IV protocol suite'''
|----- align="left"
! Application
| DAP: Data Access Protocol<BR>
CTERM: Command Terminal
|----- align="left"
! Network Management
| NICE: Network Management protocol<br>
MOP: Maintenance Operation Protocol
|----- align="left"
! Session
| SCP: Session Control Protocol
|----- align="left"
! Transport
| NSP: Network Service Protocol
|----- align="left"
! Network
| DRP: DECnet Routing Protocol
|----- align="left"
! Data link
| DDCMP: Digital Data Communications Message Protocol<br>[[Ethernet]], [[IBM token ring|Token ring]], [[HDLC]], [[Fiber distributed data interface|FDDI]], ...
|----- align="left"
! Physical
| [[Ethernet]], [[IBM token ring|Token ring]], [[Fiber distributed data interface|FDDI]], ...
|}
</div>
'''Phase IV''' and '''Phase IV+''' ([[1982]]).
Phase IV was released initially to [[RSX-11]] and [[OpenVMS|VMS]] systems, later [[TOPS-20]], [[TOPS-10]], [[ULTRIX]], [[VAXELN]], and [[RSTS/E]] gained support. Support for networks of up to 64,449 nodes (63 areas of 1023 nodes), datalink capabilities expanded beyond DDCMP to include [[Ethernet]] [[local area network]] support as the datalink of choice, expanded adaptive routing capability to include hierarchical routing (areas, level 1 and level 2 routers), [[VMScluster]] support (cluster alias) and host services (CTERM). CTERM allowed a user on one computer to log into another computer remotely, performing the same function that [[Telnet]] does in the [[TCP/IP]] protocol stack. Digital also released a product called the PATHWORKS client, and more commonly known as the PATHWORKS 32 client, that implemented much of DECnet Phase IV for DOS, and 16 and 32 bit Microsoft Windows platforms (all the way through to Windows Server 2003).

Phase IV implemented an 8 layer architecture similar to the [[OSI model|OSI]] (7 layer) model especially at the lower levels ''(see diagram below)''. Since the OSI standards were not yet fully developed at the time, many of the Phase IV protocols remained proprietary.

The Ethernet implementation was unusual in that the software changed the physical address of the Ethernet interface on the network to AA-00-04-00-xx-yy where xx-yy reflected the DECnet network address of the host. This allowed router-less LAN operation because the LAN address could be deduced from the DECnet address. This precluded connecting two NICs from the same DECnet node onto the same LAN segment, however.

The initial implementations released were for [[Virtual Memory System|VMS]] and RSX-11, later this expanded to virtually every [[operating system]] DIGITAL ever shipped with the notable exception of [[RT-11]]. DECnet stacks are found on Linux, SunOS and other platforms, and Cisco and other network vendors offer products that can cooperate with and operate within DECnet networks. Full DECnet Phase IV specifications are available.

At the same time that DECnet Phase IV was released, the company also released a proprietary protocol called [[Local Area Transport|LAT]] for serial terminal access via [[Terminal server]]s. LAT is entirely separate from DECnet, though many DECserver LAT terminal servers did use MOP for the server image download and related bootstrap processing.

Enhancements made to DECnet Phase IV eventually became known as DECnet Phase IV+, although systems running this protocol remained completely interoperable with DECnet Phase IV systems.

'''Phase V''' and '''Phase V+''' ([[1987]]).
Support for very large (architecturally unlimited) networks, a new network management model, local or distributed name service, improved performance over Phase IV. Move from a proprietary network to an [[Open Systems Interconnection]] (OSI) by integration of ISO standards to provide multi-vendor connectivity and
compatibility with DNA Phase IV, the last two features resulted in a hybrid network architecture (DNA and OSI) with separate “towers” sharing an integrated transport layer. Transparent transport level links to [[TCP/IP]] were added via the [[Internet Engineering Task Force|IETF]] [[Request for Comments|RFC]] 1006 (OSI over IP) and RFC 1859 (NSP over IP) standards ''(see diagram below)''.

It was later renamed '''DECnet/OSI''' to emphasize its OSI interconnectibility, and subsequently '''DECnet-Plus''' as TCP/IP protocols were incorporated.
==References==

* [[Carl Malamud]], ''Analyzing DECnet/OSI Phase V''. Van Hostrand Reinhold, 1991. ISBN 0-442-00375-7.

* James Martin, Joe Leben, ''DECnet Phase V: An OSI Implementation''. Digital Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55580-769-0.

* DECnet-Plus manuals for OpenVMS are available at http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/doc/

* DECnet Phase IV OpenVMS manuals for DECnet Phase IV; these Phase IV manuals are archived on OpenVMS Freeware V5.0 distribution, at http://www.hp.com/go/openvms/freeware and other sites.

* DECnet Phase IV architecture manuals (including DDCMP, MOP, NICE, NSP, DAP, CTERM, routing); at http://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/DECnet/PhaseIV/ and other sites.

[[Category:Network protocols]]
[[Category:OpenVMS]]

Main Page

2007-05-15T00:54:23Z

WikiSysop: Reverted edits by 64.107.133.124 (Talk); changed back to last version by Toresbe

<big>'''Welcome to the computer history wiki!'''</big>

This wiki is an experiment by me to create a means for knowledgeable people to enter their information into some kind of a knowledge base, however, not including the relatively formal tone imposed by Wikipedia. For example, sentences with "I seem to recall" would be perfectly legitimate, and even wanted, here, but would quite rapidly be weeded out of a Wikipedia article.

My desire to set up this English wiki stems from my frustration with adding information to a Norwegian wiki, the Norwegian Computer History Society wiki, and realizing that my content would be reachable only to a very limited audience - Scandinavians, at best.

If you have any information you want to contribute to this wiki, '''please, do it'''. I'd much rather remove or modify ten or twenty bad submissions than miss out on a potentially good one.

I hope this wiki could grow into a useful resource at some point, for everyone interested in classic computing, on all points of the knowledge scale. I realize that there are more specific wikis for Commodore and Amiga and so on, but this is an effort to be a more general computing history wiki.

Though the current URL is of course temporary, this is an experiment to see if people actually make edits to this page and find it useful. If it "catches on", I will register a domain with an appropriate name. (My threshold for "catches on" is quite low.) Worst case scenario, this becomes a one-user CMS; I'd write this on my homepage if it wasn't in a Wiki. :)

[[User:Toresbe|Toresbe]] 16:53, 14 May 2007 (PDT)