Neozeed: New page: MAKE(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual MAKE(1) == NAME == make - maintain program groups == SYNOPSIS == make [ -f makefile ] [ option ] ... file ... == D...

2009-10-26T14:49:17Z

New page: MAKE(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual MAKE(1) == NAME == make - maintain program groups == SYNOPSIS == make [ -f makefile ] [ option ] ... file ... == D...

New page

MAKE(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual MAKE(1)

== NAME ==
make - maintain program groups

== SYNOPSIS ==
make [ -f makefile ] [ option ] ... file ...

== DESCRIPTION ==
_M_a_k_e executes commands in _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e to update one or more
target _n_a_m_e_s. _N_a_m_e is typically a program. If no -f option
is present, `makefile' and `Makefile' are tried in order.
If _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e is `-', the standard input is taken. More than
one -f option may appear

_M_a_k_e updates a target if it depends on prerequisite files
that have been modified since the target was last modified,
or if the target does not exist.

_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e contains a sequence of entries that specify depen-
dencies. The first line of an entry is a blank-separated
list of targets, then a colon, then a list of prerequisite
files. Text following a semicolon, and all following lines
that begin with a tab, are shell commands to be executed to
update the target.

Sharp and newline surround comments.

The following makefile says that `pgm' depends on two files
`a.o' and `b.o', and that they in turn depend on `.c' files
and a common file `incl'.

pgm: a.o b.o
cc a.o b.o -lm -o pgm
a.o: incl a.c
cc -c a.c
b.o: incl b.c
cc -c b.c

_M_a_k_e_f_i_l_e entries of the form

string1 = string2

are macro definitions. Subsequent appearances of $(_s_t_r_i_n_g_1)
are replaced by _s_t_r_i_n_g_2. If _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 is a single character,
the parentheses are optional.

_M_a_k_e infers prerequisites for files for which _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e gives
no construction commands. For example, a `.c' file may be
inferred as prerequisite for a `.o' file and be compiled to
produce the `.o' file. Thus the preceding example can be
done more briefly:

pgm: a.o b.o
cc a.o b.o -lm -o pgm
a.o b.o: incl

Prerequisites are inferred according to selected suffixes
listed as the `prerequisites' for the special name `.SUF-
FIXES'; multiple lists accumulate; an empty list clears what
came before. Order is significant; the first possible name
for which both a file and a rule as described in the next
paragraph exist is inferred. The default list is

.SUFFIXES: .out .o .c .e .r .f .y .l .s

The rule to create a file with suffix _s_2 that depends on a
similarly named file with suffix _s_1 is specified as an entry
for the `target' _s_1_s_2. In such an entry, the special macro
$* stands for the target name with suffix deleted, $@ for
the full target name, $< for the complete list of prere-
quisites, and $? for the list of prerequisites that are out
of date. For example, a rule for making optimized `.o'
files from `.c' files is

.c.o: ; cc -c -O -o $@ $*.c

Certain macros are used by the default inference rules to
communicate optional arguments to any resulting compila-
tions. In particular, `CFLAGS' is used for _c_c and _f_7_7(1)
options, `LFLAGS' and `YFLAGS' for _l_e_x and _y_a_c_c(1) options.

Command lines are executed one at a time, each by its own
shell. A line is printed when it is executed unless the
special target `.SILENT' is in _m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e, or the first char-
acter of the command is `@'.

Commands returning nonzero status (see _i_n_t_r_o(1)) cause _m_a_k_e
to terminate unless the special target `.IGNORE' is in
_m_a_k_e_f_i_l_e or the command begins with <tab><hyphen>.

Interrupt and quit cause the target to be deleted unless the
target depends on the special name `.PRECIOUS'.

Other options:

-i Equivalent to the special entry `.IGNORE:'.

-k When a command returns nonzero status, abandon work on
the current entry, but continue on branches that do not
depend on the current entry.

-n Trace and print, but do not execute the commands needed
to update the targets.

-t Touch, i.e. update the modified date of targets,
without executing any commands.

-r Equivalent to an initial special entry `.SUFFIXES:'
with no list.

-s Equivalent to the special entry `.SILENT:'.

== FILES ==
makefile, Makefile

== SEE ALSO ==
[[32v 1m sh|sh(1)]], [[32v 1m touch|touch(1)]]
S. I. Feldman _M_a_k_e - _A _P_r_o_g_r_a_m _f_o_r _M_a_i_n_t_a_i_n_i_n_g _C_o_m_p_u_t_e_r _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_s

== BUGS ==
Some commands return nonzero status inappropriately. Use -i
to overcome the difficulty.
Commands that are directly executed by the shell, notably
_c_d(1), are ineffectual across newlines in _m_a_k_e.

[[Category:32v man section 1]]

32v 1m make - Revision history

Neozeed: New page: MAKE(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual MAKE(1) == NAME == make - maintain program groups == SYNOPSIS == make [ -f makefile ] [ option ] ... file ... == D...