CYCLADES - Revision history

Jnc: New category

2025-03-30T14:55:41Z

New category

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 30 March 2025
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	'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[data network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It was the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and ~~the~~ [[~~Internet~~]].		'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[data network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It was the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and [[internetworking]].

	CYCLADES was the first network to move the responsibility for the reliability of data sent across it into the [[host]]s attached to the network. The technical chief of the project, [[Louis Pouzin]], decided that the best way to build a network was to accept that the network itself was basically somewhat unreliable, and then move ''all'' the responsibility for reliability into the ~~[[host]]s~~ on the ends (unlike in the ARPANET, where that responsibility was borne by the [[packet switch]]es that made up the network, the [[Interface Message Processor\|IMPs]]).		CYCLADES was the first network to move the responsibility for the reliability of data sent across it into the [[host]]s attached to the network. The technical chief of the project, [[Louis Pouzin]], decided that the best way to build a network was to accept that the network itself was basically somewhat unreliable, and then move ''all'' the responsibility for reliability into the hosts on the ends (unlike in the ARPANET, where that responsibility was borne by the [[packet switch]]es that made up the network, the [[Interface Message Processor\|IMPs]]).

	They did that by using the now-standard mechanisms of [[sequence number]]s, [[acknowledgement]]s, [[timeout]]s, and [[retransmission]]s. In addition to making the packet switches in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork\|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking. It introduced the idea of 'fate-sharing', where the state necessary for the [[connection]] is co-located with the [[application]], so generally 'they all go together if they go' (away).		They did that by using the now-standard mechanisms of [[sequence number]]s, [[acknowledgement]]s, [[timeout]]s, and [[retransmission]]s. In addition to making the packet switches in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork\|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking. It introduced the idea of 'fate-sharing', where the state necessary for the [[connection]] is co-located with the [[application]], so generally 'they all go together if they go' (away).
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	* Louis Pouzin (editor), ''The Cyclades Computer Network: Toward Layered Network Architectures'' (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1982)		* Louis Pouzin (editor), ''The Cyclades Computer Network: Toward Layered Network Architectures'' (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1982)

	[[Category: ~~Networking~~]]		[[Category: Data Networks]]

Jnc: Move some technical content about the advantages of the CYCLADES approach here

2024-01-16T10:59:40Z

Move some technical content about the advantages of the CYCLADES approach here

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:59, 16 January 2024
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	'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[data network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It was the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and the [[Internet]].		'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[data network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It was the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and the [[Internet]].

	CYCLADES was the first network to move reliability into the [[host]]s attached to the network ~~(using~~ the ~~now-standard mechanisms of~~ [[~~sequence number~~]]s, [[~~acknowledgement~~]]s, [[~~timeout~~]]s, ~~and~~ [[~~retransmission~~]]~~s to achieve it~~)~~, and out of the network~~.		CYCLADES was the first network to move the responsibility for the reliability of data sent across it into the [[host]]s attached to the network. The technical chief of the project, [[Louis Pouzin]], decided that the best way to build a network was to accept that the network itself was basically somewhat unreliable, and then move ''all'' the responsibility for reliability into the [[host]]s on the ends (unlike in the ARPANET, where that responsibility was borne by the [[packet switch]]es that made up the network, the [[Interface Message Processor\|IMPs]]).

	In addition to making the [[packet ~~switch]]es~~ in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork\|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking.		They did that by using the now-standard mechanisms of [[sequence number]]s, [[acknowledgement]]s, [[timeout]]s, and [[retransmission]]s. In addition to making the packet switches in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork\|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking. It introduced the idea of 'fate-sharing', where the state necessary for the [[connection]] is co-located with the [[application]], so generally 'they all go together if they go' (away).

	The actual physical network (links and switches) was named '''CIGALE'''; CYCLADES includes the whole ensemble, including the hosts and higher-level [[protocol]]s and [[~~application~~]]s.		The actual physical network (links and switches) was named '''CIGALE'''; CYCLADES includes the whole ensemble, including the hosts and higher-level [[protocol]]s and applications.

			==Advantages==

			That approach, of having the network provide only ''unreliable'' [[packet]]s (sometimes called [[datagram]]s) has several huge advantages:

			* The network itself is much simpler, because it does not have to go to any extra work to ''guarantee'' that data is not lost. It just does its best (hence another name for the service it provides, 'best effort'), and focuses on its main job - moving data around.

			* This approach allows ''all'' the intermediate packet switches ([[router]]s, in an internet) in the overall network to carry ''no'' state about the connections travelling through them. This has been the single biggest reason why the Internet has been able to grow ('scale', in engineering jargon) to the stupendous size it has.

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Jnc: /* Further reading */ +1

2021-04-07T04:26:06Z

Jnc: +links, cat

2018-11-16T14:51:36Z

+links, cat

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:51, 16 November 2018
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	'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It is the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and the [[Internet]].		'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[data network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It was the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and the [[Internet]].

	CYCLADES was the first network to move reliability into the [[host]]s attached to the network (using the now-standard mechanisms of sequence ~~numbers~~, ~~timeouts~~, ~~etc~~ to achieve it), and out of the network. In addition to making the [[packet switch]]es in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork\|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking.		CYCLADES was the first network to move reliability into the [[host]]s attached to the network (using the now-standard mechanisms of [[sequence number]]s, [[acknowledgement]]s, [[timeout]]s, and [[retransmission]]s to achieve it), and out of the network.

			In addition to making the [[packet switch]]es in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork\|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking.

	The actual physical network (links and switches) was named '''CIGALE'''; CYCLADES includes the whole ensemble, including the hosts and higher-level [[protocol]]s and [[application]]s.		The actual physical network (links and switches) was named '''CIGALE'''; CYCLADES includes the whole ensemble, including the hosts and higher-level [[protocol]]s and [[application]]s.

	{{semi-stub}}		{{semi-stub}}

			[[Category: Networking]]

Jnc: A bit stubby, but a good start

2018-10-01T12:55:42Z

A bit stubby, but a good start

New page

'''CYCLADES''' was a ground-breaking, and extremely influential, early [[packet switching]] [[network]], done in France in the late 1970's. It is the key intermediate technical step between the [[ARPANET]] and the [[Internet]].

CYCLADES was the first network to move reliability into the [[host]]s attached to the network (using the now-standard mechanisms of sequence numbers, timeouts, etc to achieve it), and out of the network. In addition to making the [[packet switch]]es in the network much simpler (a major gain, and one that would be crucial in the development of [[internetwork|internets]]), it was also a step toward the [[end to end]] model of networking.

The actual physical network (links and switches) was named '''CIGALE'''; CYCLADES includes the whole ensemble, including the hosts and higher-level [[protocol]]s and [[application]]s.

{{semi-stub}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:26, 7 April 2021
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			==Further reading==

			* Louis Pouzin (editor), ''The Cyclades Computer Network: Toward Layered Network Architectures'' (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1982)

	[[Category: Networking]]		[[Category: Networking]]