Fairchild Semiconductor - Revision history

Jnc: Could not find a source to validate this claim

2025-05-21T13:14:29Z

Could not find a source to validate this claim

Jnc: /* Further reading */ +Robert Noyce and Fairchild Semiconductor, 1957-1968

2025-05-21T12:14:28Z

‎Further reading: +Robert Noyce and Fairchild Semiconductor, 1957-1968

Jnc: +“The Legacy of Fairchild”, The First Trillion-Dollar Startup

2025-05-19T15:36:02Z

+“The Legacy of Fairchild”, The First Trillion-Dollar Startup

Jnc: Add links; minor wording tweaks

2025-05-18T15:39:37Z

Add links; minor wording tweaks

Jnc: A good start

2023-05-13T15:37:39Z

A good start

New page

'''Fairchild Semiconductor''' was an important [[semiconductor]] company in the creation of the [[integrated circuit|IC]] industry (with all its consequences), and of Silicon Valley.

It was founded in October, 1957 by a group of 8 engineers (led by [[Robert Noyce]] and [[Gordon Moore]]) who had been working at Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory. Becoming dissatisfied by [[William Shockley]]'s focus on research, rather than products, they decided to leave; but since they enjoyed working with each other, they decided to offer themselves as a team. No existing company was interested, but contact with Sherman Fairchild, of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, led to the latter agreeing to set up a new subsidiary for them.

Initially, starting in March, 1958, they produced [[analog]] devices, using a photolithographic manufacturing process; their first product was a silicon [[transistor]] (first sold to [[International Business Machines|IBM]]). Later, [[diode]]s were added to their product line. In March, 1959, they switched to a planar approach for their products' internal structure - a switch that would soon stand them in good stead.

In the late 1950's, a number of organizations became interested in micro-electronics; that is, creating multiple semiconductor devices in a single block of silicon. These promised to be cheaper and more reliable, since limited or no (depending on the method used to connect the internal devices) manual assembly would be required. Noyce realized that the planar process would be good for such devices, and in July, 1959 he filed several patents on parts of his conceived technique. At the end of 1959, they started work on producing devices along these lines, and the first working one was produced in May, 1960. It was physically brittle, and therefore not robust; but a different, better approach produced usable chips in December, 1960.

Internal dissension arose between people on the production side, who wanted the engineers to focus on improving the existing product lines, and the engineers, who could see the promise of micro-electronics. The takeover of the semiconductor firm by the Fairchild parent led to increased unhappiness; starting in January, 1961, Fairchild engineers started to leave for other companies. Eventually, hundreds of companies in Silicon Valley (nicknamed 'the Fairchildren') could trace their lineage to Fairchild Semiconductor; most notably, perhaps, [[Intel]].

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==Further reading==

* Christophe Lecuyer, David C. Brock, ''Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor'', MIT Press, Cambridge, 2010 - a detailed technical history with many reproductions of original documents

==External links==

* [https://computerhistory.org/stories/spinoff-fairchild/ Spinoff: Fairchild and the Family Tree of Silicon Valley]
* [https://computerhistory.org/blog/fairchild-and-the-fairchildren/ Fairchild, Fairchildren, and the Family Tree of Silicon Valley]

[[Category: Semiconductor Manufacturers]]

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 In the late 1950's, a number of organizations became interested in [[micro-electronics]]; that is, creating multiple semiconductor devices in a single block of silicon. These promised to be both cheaper and more reliable, since limited or no (depending on the method used to connect the internal devices) manual assembly would be required. Noyce realized that the planar process would be good for such devices, and in July, 1959 he filed several patents on parts of his conceived technique. At the end of 1959, they started work on producing devices along these lines, and the first working one was produced in May, 1960. It was physically brittle, and therefore not robust; but a different, better approach produced usable chips in December, 1960.
-Internal dissension arose between people on the production side, who wanted the engineers to focus on improving the existing product lines, and the engineers, who could see the long-term promise of micro-electronics. The takeover of the semiconductor firm by the Fairchild parent led to increased unhappiness; starting in January, 1961, Fairchild engineers started to leave for other companies. Eventually, hundreds of companies in Silicon Valley (nicknamed 'the Fairchildren') could trace their lineage to Fairchild Semiconductor; most notably, perhaps, [[Intel]].
+Some sources claim that internal dissension arose between people on the production side, who wanted the engineers to focus on improving the existing product lines, and the engineers, who could see the long-term promise of micro-electronics. (There was internal dissent at Fairchild Semiconductor, but it is not clear if this was the most important cause.) The takeover of the semiconductor firm by the Fairchild parent, and the parent's stinginess with stock options, especially for engineers, led to increased unhappiness. Starting in January, 1961, Fairchild engineers started to leave for other companies. Eventually, hundreds of companies in Silicon Valley (nicknamed 'the Fairchildren') could trace their lineage to Fairchild Semiconductor; most notably, perhaps, [[Intel]].
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	* Christophe Lécuyer, David C. Brock, [https://books.google.com/books?id=LaZpUpkG70QC ''Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor''], MIT Press, Cambridge, 2010 - a detailed technical history with many reproductions of original documents (the link is to only a partial copy; that part contains much useful information, though)		* Christophe Lécuyer, David C. Brock, [https://books.google.com/books?id=LaZpUpkG70QC ''Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor''], MIT Press, Cambridge, 2010 - a detailed technical history with many reproductions of original documents (the link is to only a partial copy; that part contains much useful information, though)
		+	* Leslie R Berlin, [http://people.seas.harvard.edu/~jones/shockley/Biog_of_Noyce_%2B_Fairchild.pdf ''Robert Noyce and Fairchild Semiconductor, 1957-1968''] (archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232805/http://people.seas.harvard.edu/~jones/shockley/Biog_of_Noyce_+_Fairchild.pdf here]), Business History Review, Boston, Volume 75, Issue 1, Spring 2001

	==External links==		==External links==

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 ==Further reading==
-* Christophe Lecuyer, David C. Brock, ''Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor'', MIT Press, Cambridge, 2010 - a detailed technical history with many reproductions of original documents
+* Christophe Lécuyer, David C. Brock, [https://books.google.com/books?id=LaZpUpkG70QC ''Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor''], MIT Press, Cambridge, 2010 - a detailed technical history with many reproductions of original documents (the link is to only a partial copy; that part contains much useful information, though)
 ==External links==
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 * [https://computerhistory.org/stories/spinoff-fairchild/ Spinoff: Fairchild and the Family Tree of Silicon Valley]
 * [https://computerhistory.org/blog/fairchild-and-the-fairchildren/ Fairchild, Fairchildren, and the Family Tree of Silicon Valley]
 [[Category: Semiconductor Manufacturers]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Fairchild Semiconductor''' was an important [[semiconductor]] company in the creation of the [[integrated circuit|IC]] industry (with all its consequences), and of Silicon Valley.
+'''Fairchild Semiconductor''' was an important [[semiconductor]] company in the creation of the [[integrated circuit|IC]] industry (with all its consequences), and of [[Silicon Valley]].
-It was founded in October, 1957 by a group of 8 engineers (led by [[Robert Noyce]] and [[Gordon Moore]]) who had been working at Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory. Becoming dissatisfied by [[William Shockley]]'s focus on research, rather than products, they decided to leave; but since they enjoyed working with each other, they decided to offer themselves as a team. No existing company was interested, but contact with Sherman Fairchild, of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, led to the latter agreeing to set up a new subsidiary for them.
+It was founded in October, 1957 by a group of 8 engineers (led by [[Robert Noyce]] and [[Gordon Moore]]) who had been working at [[Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory]]. Becoming dissatisfied by [[William Shockley]]'s focus on research, rather than products, they decided to leave; but since they enjoyed working with each other, they decided to offer themselves as a team. No existing company was interested, but contact with Sherman Fairchild, of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, led to the latter agreeing to set up a new subsidiary for them.
-Initially, starting in March, 1958, they produced [[analog]] devices, using a photolithographic manufacturing process; their first product was a silicon [[transistor]] (first sold to [[International Business Machines|IBM]]). Later, [[diode]]s were added to their product line. In March, 1959, they switched to a planar approach for their products' internal structure - a switch that would soon stand them in good stead.
+Initially, starting in March, 1958, they produced [[analog]] devices, using a [[photo-lithographic]] manufacturing process; their first product was a silicon [[transistor]] (first sold to [[International Business Machines|IBM]]). Later, [[diode]]s were added to their product line. In March, 1959, they switched to a planar approach for their products' internal structure - a change that would soon stand them in good stead.
-In the late 1950's, a number of organizations became interested in micro-electronics; that is, creating multiple semiconductor devices in a single block of silicon. These promised to be cheaper and more reliable, since limited or no (depending on the method used to connect the internal devices) manual assembly would be required. Noyce realized that the planar process would be good for such devices, and in July, 1959 he filed several patents on parts of his conceived technique. At the end of 1959, they started work on producing devices along these lines, and the first working one was produced in May, 1960. It was physically brittle, and therefore not robust; but a different, better approach produced usable chips in December, 1960.
+In the late 1950's, a number of organizations became interested in [[micro-electronics]]; that is, creating multiple semiconductor devices in a single block of silicon. These promised to be both cheaper and more reliable, since limited or no (depending on the method used to connect the internal devices) manual assembly would be required. Noyce realized that the planar process would be good for such devices, and in July, 1959 he filed several patents on parts of his conceived technique. At the end of 1959, they started work on producing devices along these lines, and the first working one was produced in May, 1960. It was physically brittle, and therefore not robust; but a different, better approach produced usable chips in December, 1960.
-Internal dissension arose between people on the production side, who wanted the engineers to focus on improving the existing product lines, and the engineers, who could see the promise of micro-electronics. The takeover of the semiconductor firm by the Fairchild parent led to increased unhappiness; starting in January, 1961, Fairchild engineers started to leave for other companies. Eventually, hundreds of companies in Silicon Valley (nicknamed 'the Fairchildren') could trace their lineage to Fairchild Semiconductor; most notably, perhaps, [[Intel]].
+Internal dissension arose between people on the production side, who wanted the engineers to focus on improving the existing product lines, and the engineers, who could see the long-term promise of micro-electronics. The takeover of the semiconductor firm by the Fairchild parent led to increased unhappiness; starting in January, 1961, Fairchild engineers started to leave for other companies. Eventually, hundreds of companies in Silicon Valley (nicknamed 'the Fairchildren') could trace their lineage to Fairchild Semiconductor; most notably, perhaps, [[Intel]].
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