Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter - Revision history

Jnc: /* External links */ Bitsavers has reorganized a bit

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External links: Bitsavers has reorganized a bit

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	* [http://retrocmp.com/attachments/article/143/UART%20AY-5-1013.pdf General Instruments AY-5-1013A UAR/T: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter]		* [http://retrocmp.com/attachments/article/143/UART%20AY-5-1013.pdf General Instruments AY-5-1013A UAR/T: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter]
	* [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/qbus/EK-DZV11-TM-001_DZV11_Asynchronous_Multiplexer_Technical_Manual_Jun78.pdf DZV11 asynchronous multiplexer technical manual] (EK-DZV11-TM-001)		* [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/qbus/DZV11/EK-DZV11-TM-001_DZV11_Asynchronous_Multiplexer_Technical_Manual_Jun78.pdf DZV11 asynchronous multiplexer technical manual] (EK-DZV11-TM-001)

	[[Category: Serial Lines]]		[[Category: Serial Lines]]
	[[Category: Integrated Circuits‎]]		[[Category: Integrated Circuits‎]]

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	* [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/qbus/EK-DZV11-TM-001_DZV11_Asynchronous_Multiplexer_Technical_Manual_Jun78.pdf DZV11 asynchronous multiplexer technical manual] (EK-DZV11-TM-001)		* [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/qbus/EK-DZV11-TM-001_DZV11_Asynchronous_Multiplexer_Technical_Manual_Jun78.pdf DZV11 asynchronous multiplexer technical manual] (EK-DZV11-TM-001)

	[[Category: ~~Communication Basics~~]]		[[Category: Serial Lines]]
	[[Category: Integrated Circuits‎]]		[[Category: Integrated Circuits‎]]

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better (new) cat

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	[[Category: Communication Basics]]		[[Category: Communication Basics]]
	[[Category: ~~Components~~]]		[[Category: Integrated Circuits‎]]

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2022-02-02T15:00:04Z

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	The introduction of UARTs can be seen happening in early DEC [[PDP-11]] serial interfaces; the earliest, the [[KL11 asynchronous serial line interface\|KL11]], used discrete components, not a UART chip, as did the [[DM11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DM11]]; the [[DL11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DL11]], and all others after that date, utilized UART chips, though.		The introduction of UARTs can be seen happening in early DEC [[PDP-11]] serial interfaces; the earliest, the [[KL11 asynchronous serial line interface\|KL11]], used discrete components, not a UART chip, as did the [[DM11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DM11]]; the [[DL11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DL11]], and all others after that date, utilized UART chips, though.

	Early UART chips only handled a single line; later on, ~~DUARTs~~ appeared, with 2 lines per chip. The QUART (four lines) and OCTART (eight lines) followed. (In general, all the lines in these have to share a singled set of parameters.)		Early UART chips only handled a single line; later on, '''DUART'''s appeared, with 2 lines per chip. The QUART (four lines) and OCTART (eight lines) followed. (In general, all the lines in these have to share a singled set of parameters.)

	==Buffers==		==Buffers==

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2021-11-18T16:47:36Z

chip desc in DZV11 TM

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	==Description==		==Description==

	''~~Add''~~		The [[DZV11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DZV11]] technical manual (below) includes a detailed description of the UART in Appendix A, 'IC Descriptions'.

	{{semi-stub}}		{{semi-stub}}
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	==External links==		==External links==

	* [http://retrocmp.com/attachments/article/143/UART%20AY-5-1013.pdf General Instruments AY-5-1013A UAR/T: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter]		* [http://retrocmp.com/attachments/article/143/UART%20AY-5-1013.pdf General Instruments AY-5-1013A UAR/T: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter]
			* [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/qbus/EK-DZV11-TM-001_DZV11_Asynchronous_Multiplexer_Technical_Manual_Jun78.pdf DZV11 asynchronous multiplexer technical manual] (EK-DZV11-TM-001)

	[[Category: Communication Basics]]		[[Category: Communication Basics]]
	[[Category: Components]]		[[Category: Components]]

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Turn into full page

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	~~#Redirect~~ [[~~Asynchronous~~ serial line#UART]]		The '''Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter''' (usually initialized as '''UART''') was a functional unit which contained all the [[circuit]]ry needed to originate and interpret [[asynchronous serial line]] signals, including the serial-[[parallel]] conversion.

			Initially, they were implemented with discrete components. In about 1970, Vince Bastiani of [[Digital Equipment Corporation\|DEC]], together with engineers from Solid State Data Systems (in Long Island, New York) produced a complete UART in a single very early [[MSI]] [[integrated circuit\|chip]]. This evolved into a standard part, produced in a 40-pin [[Dual Inline Package\|DIP]] package by many manufacturers. The first, in 1971, was the Western Digital WD1402A; the Fairchild TR1402A, General Instruments AY-5-1013 and Intersil 6402 were others.

			The parameters of the line ([[character]] size, [[parity]], number of stop bits, etc) are all selected by the inputs to the chip. The circuitry needed to produce the [[voltage]]s and [[current]]s needed by the particular interface type was outside the chip, so a UART could be used with either [[EIA RS-232 serial line interface\|EIA]] or [[20mA current loop serial line interface\|20mA]] interfaces.

			The introduction of UARTs can be seen happening in early DEC [[PDP-11]] serial interfaces; the earliest, the [[KL11 asynchronous serial line interface\|KL11]], used discrete components, not a UART chip, as did the [[DM11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DM11]]; the [[DL11 asynchronous serial line interface\|DL11]], and all others after that date, utilized UART chips, though.

			Early UART chips only handled a single line; later on, DUARTs appeared, with 2 lines per chip. The QUART (four lines) and OCTART (eight lines) followed. (In general, all the lines in these have to share a singled set of parameters.)

			==Buffers==

			With increased speeds, besides locking the DCE-DTE rate at 2x the communication rate, UART chips would need to increase their local [[buffer]] size to be able to send continuously. It has been reported that it did not help that a UART chip was released with a defective buffer, or that in some cases, the buffers would need to be enabled.

			==Description==

			''Add''

			{{semi-stub}}

			==External links==

			* [http://retrocmp.com/attachments/article/143/UART%20AY-5-1013.pdf General Instruments AY-5-1013A UAR/T: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter]

			[[Category: Communication Basics]]
			[[Category: Components]]

Jnc: redir to combined article for now

2017-01-14T15:47:41Z

redir to combined article for now

New page

#Redirect [[Asynchronous serial line#UART]]