WAITS - Revision history

Larsbrinkhoff: /* Notable contributions */

2025-11-19T07:14:13Z

‎Notable contributions

Larsbrinkhoff: /* Notable contributions */ First modifier, but not first Meta.

2025-11-19T07:03:38Z

‎Notable contributions: First modifier, but not first Meta.

Jnc: Tweaks

2025-02-05T03:39:29Z

Tweaks

Jnc: Fix Super Foonly link

2024-11-10T02:06:47Z

Fix Super Foonly link

Jnc: BBN Pager on the KA

2024-01-06T11:33:50Z

BBN Pager on the KA

Larsbrinkhoff: /* Notable contributions */ One more.

2023-08-09T07:04:48Z

‎Notable contributions: One more.

Larsbrinkhoff: Links.

2023-08-09T07:04:15Z

Links.

Larsbrinkhoff: /* External links */ Link to video of "Display Terminals in the Stanford Timesharing System" demo.

2023-06-15T06:11:06Z

‎External links: Link to video of "Display Terminals in the Stanford Timesharing System" demo.

Larsbrinkhoff: /* See also */ New link to description of system directories.

2023-06-12T20:12:31Z

‎See also: New link to description of system directories.

Larsbrinkhoff: /* See also */ Link to file structure documentation.

2023-06-12T15:40:48Z

‎See also: Link to file structure documentation.

@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 * [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Language|SAIL]] was a dialect of [[Algol]] which was popular on many PDP-10 sites.
 * [[TeX]] was first written in SAIL, and later re-written in [[Pascal]].
-* The SAIL [[keyboard]] designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a [[META|Meta key]] modifier key.
+* The SAIL [[keyboard]] designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a [[Meta key|META]] modifier key.
 * [[Stanford University Design System|SUDS]] was used to design the [[Super Foonly]], KL10, the S-1 supercomputer, and the [[SUN workstation]].  It was ported to ITS, where it was used for the [[Knight TV system]], the [[CONS]] and [[CADR]] [[Lisp machine]]s, and Minsky's [[Turtle Terminal 2500|2500]].
 * The [[Finger]] command and protocol.

@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 * [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Language|SAIL]] was a dialect of [[Algol]] which was popular on many PDP-10 sites.
 * [[TeX]] was first written in SAIL, and later re-written in [[Pascal]].
-* The SAIL [[keyboard]] designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a META key.
+* The SAIL [[keyboard]] designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a [[META|Meta key]] modifier key.
 * [[Stanford University Design System|SUDS]] was used to design the [[Super Foonly]], KL10, the S-1 supercomputer, and the [[SUN workstation]].  It was ported to ITS, where it was used for the [[Knight TV system]], the [[CONS]] and [[CADR]] [[Lisp machine]]s, and Minsky's [[Turtle Terminal 2500|2500]].
 * The [[Finger]] command and protocol.

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 }}
-'''WAITS''' was the [[operating system]] used at the [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory|Stanford AI Lab]].  It ran on a [[PDP-6]] (serial number 16), a [[KA10]] (#32) (to which had been added a [[BBN Pager]]), and a [[KL10]] (#1075) connected together in various configurations.  The name unofficially means "West-coast Alternative to [[Incompatible Timesharing System|ITS]]", or "West-coast Artificial Intelligence Time-Sharing" (although these may be a 'backronym' - a SAIL page which discusses the meaning of the name does not mention it).  It also ran on [[PDP-10]] clones at [[Stanford University|Stanford]], manufactured by [[Foonly]]; one at [[CCRMA]], and one at the [[S-1 supercomputer|S-1]] project.
+'''WAITS''' was the [[operating system]] used at the [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory|Stanford AI Lab]]. There, it ran on a [[PDP-6]] (serial number 16), a [[KA10]] (#32) (to which had been added a [[BBN Pager]]), and a [[KL10]] (#1075) connected together in various configurations. It also ran on [[PDP-10]] clones manufactured by [[Foonly]], at other sites, such as [[CCRMA]] at [[Stanford University|Stanford]], and one at the [[S-1 supercomputer]] project.
 [[Image:Sail-kl10-ka10.jpeg|thumb|right|SAIL KL10 and KA10]]
-Much like its "cousin" ITS, WAITS has support for exotic hardware: custom made [[vector graphics|vector displays]] from [[III]], [[raster]] displays from [[Data Disc]], robotic devices, and a powerful sound synthesis device called the [[Samson Box]].
+Much like its "cousin" ITS, WAITS has support for exotic hardware: custom made [[vector graphics|vector displays]] from [[Information International Inc|III]], [[raster]] [[display]]s from [[Data Disc]], robotic devices, and a powerful sound synthesis device called the [[Samson Box]].
-In modern times, WAITS is running on a KL10 at the Living Computers Museum, and on Richard Cornwell's KA10 emulator.  SAIL alumnus Bruce Baumgart's [http://saildart.org/ Saildart] project has an archive of files from [[magnetic tape]] backups, and documents the history of SAIL and WAITS.
+In modern times, WAITS is running on a KL10 at the [[Living Computer Museum]], and on Richard Cornwell's KA10 emulator.  SAIL alumnus Bruce Baumgart's Saildart project has an archive of files from [[magnetic tape]] backups, and documents the history of SAIL and WAITS.
 ==Instances==
-The SAIL timesharing system started 1966 on a PDP-6, running DEC's Monitor.  A KA10 was added in 1968, making the PDP-6 a secondary processor for [[realtime]] tasks.  In 1972, the system diverged from TOPS-10 4S72 and was initially just called the "Stanford monitor" or "Stanford system" until receiving the name WAITS.  In 1976, a KL10 became the primary, making the KA10 secondary.  Over the years, the PDP-6 and KA10 was retired, with the KL10 running alone until 1991.
+The SAIL timesharing system started 1966 on a PDP-6, running DEC's Monitor.  A KA10 was added in 1968, making the PDP-6 a secondary processor for [[real-time]] tasks. In 1972, the system diverged from TOPS-10 4S72 and was initially just called the "Stanford monitor" or "Stanford system" until receiving the name WAITS.  In 1976, a KL10 became the primary, making the KA10 secondary.  Over the years, the PDP-6 and KA10 was retired, with the KL10 running alone until 1991.
 CCRMA shared facilities with SAIL.  When the KA10 arrived, CCRMA could use the PDP-6 for music research and to control the Samson Box.  When the AI lab moved out, CCRMA stayed behind and arranged to run WAITS on a Foonly F2 with Grinnell framebuffers.  After some years, it was upgraded to an F4.
@@ Line 27: / Line 29: @@
 * [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Language|SAIL]] was a dialect of [[Algol]] which was popular on many PDP-10 sites.
-* [[TeX]] was first written in SAIL, and later rewritten in [[Pascal]].
+* [[TeX]] was first written in SAIL, and later re-written in [[Pascal]].
-* The SAIL keyboard designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a META key.
+* The SAIL [[keyboard]] designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a META key.
-* [[Stanford University Design System|SUDS]] was used to design the [[Super Foonly]], KL10, the S-1 supercomputer, and the [[SUN workstation]].  It was ported to ITS where it was used for the Knight TV, the [[CONS]] and [[CADR]] [[Lisp machine]]s, and Minsky's [[Turtle Terminal 2500|2500]].
+* [[Stanford University Design System|SUDS]] was used to design the [[Super Foonly]], KL10, the S-1 supercomputer, and the [[SUN workstation]].  It was ported to ITS, where it was used for the [[Knight TV system]], the [[CONS]] and [[CADR]] [[Lisp machine]]s, and Minsky's [[Turtle Terminal 2500|2500]].
 * The [[Finger]] command and protocol.
 * FM sound synthesis was invented at CCRMA.
@@ Line 35: / Line 37: @@
 ==Version history==
-Versions and events for the main WAITS track at SAIL. Offshots include CCRMA and LLL S-1 project, both running on Foonly machines.
+Versions and events for the main WAITS track at SAIL. Offshoots include CCRMA and LLL S-1 project, both running on Foonly machines.
 * Previous [[time-sharing]] experiments at IMSSS include Odin, Thor, and Zeus on a [[PDP-1]] with Philco vector displays.  Many concepts were brought over to the SAIL system.
@@ Line 73: / Line 75: @@
 * [http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/pictures/AIlab/SailFarewell.html The Autobiography of SAIL]
-* [https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0776233.pdf The First Ten Years of Artificial Intelligence Research at Stanford]
+* [http://saildart.org/ Saildart]
 * [https://github.com/PDP-10/waits/blob/master/doc/SAILDART_Prolegomenon_2016.pdf SAILDART Prolegomenon], book draft by Bruce Baumgart
 * [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/stanford/sail/SAILON-75A_DECsystem-1020_Hardware_Manual_DEC-10-XSRMA-D_Jan77.pdf DECsystem-10/20 Hardware Manual] - contains details on changes to SAIL's PDP-6 and -10's
 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BefgBDG2p8w "Display Terminals in the Stanford Timesharing System"], a demo of WAITS and the Data Disc displays by Brian Harvey et al.
 [[Category: PDP-10 Operating Systems]]
 [[Category: Non-DEC Operating Systems]]

@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 * [[TeX]] was first written in SAIL, and later rewritten in [[Pascal]].
 * The SAIL keyboard designed by Les Earnest was the first to feature a META key.
-* [[Stanford University Design System|SUDS]] was used to design the [[Superfoonly]], KL10, the S-1 supercomputer, and the [[SUN workstation]].  It was ported to ITS where it was used for the Knight TV, the [[CONS]] and [[CADR]] [[Lisp machine]]s, and Minsky's [[Turtle Terminal 2500|2500]].
+* [[Stanford University Design System|SUDS]] was used to design the [[Super Foonly]], KL10, the S-1 supercomputer, and the [[SUN workstation]].  It was ported to ITS where it was used for the Knight TV, the [[CONS]] and [[CADR]] [[Lisp machine]]s, and Minsky's [[Turtle Terminal 2500|2500]].
 * The [[Finger]] command and protocol.
 * FM sound synthesis was invented at CCRMA.

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 }}
-'''WAITS''' was the [[operating system]] used at the [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory|Stanford AI Lab]].  It ran on a [[PDP-6]] (serial number 16), a [[KA10]] (#32), and a [[KL10]] (#1075) connected together in various configurations.  The name unofficially means "West-coast Alternative to [[Incompatible Timesharing System|ITS]]", or "West-coast Artificial Intelligence Time-Sharing" (although these may be a 'backronym' - a SAIL page which discusses the meaning of the name does not mention it).  It also ran on [[PDP-10]] clones at [[Stanford University|Stanford]], manufactured by [[Foonly]]; one at [[CCRMA]], and one at the [[S-1 supercomputer|S-1]] project.
+'''WAITS''' was the [[operating system]] used at the [[Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory|Stanford AI Lab]].  It ran on a [[PDP-6]] (serial number 16), a [[KA10]] (#32) (to which had been added a [[BBN Pager]]), and a [[KL10]] (#1075) connected together in various configurations.  The name unofficially means "West-coast Alternative to [[Incompatible Timesharing System|ITS]]", or "West-coast Artificial Intelligence Time-Sharing" (although these may be a 'backronym' - a SAIL page which discusses the meaning of the name does not mention it).  It also ran on [[PDP-10]] clones at [[Stanford University|Stanford]], manufactured by [[Foonly]]; one at [[CCRMA]], and one at the [[S-1 supercomputer|S-1]] project.
 [[Image:Sail-kl10-ka10.jpeg|thumb|right|SAIL KL10 and KA10]]
@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 * [https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0776233.pdf The First Ten Years of Artificial Intelligence Research at Stanford]
 * [https://github.com/PDP-10/waits/blob/master/doc/SAILDART_Prolegomenon_2016.pdf SAILDART Prolegomenon], book draft by Bruce Baumgart
 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BefgBDG2p8w "Display Terminals in the Stanford Timesharing System"], a demo of WAITS and the Data Disc displays by Brian Harvey et al.
 [[Category: PDP-10 Operating Systems]]
 [[Category: Non-DEC Operating Systems]]

@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 * [[Text terminals supported by WAITS]]
 * [[WAITS on-disk file structure]]
 ==External links==

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:40, 12 June 2023
Line 67:		Line 67:

	* [[Text terminals supported by WAITS]]		* [[Text terminals supported by WAITS]]
		+	* [[WAITS on-disk file structure]]

	==External links==		==External links==