https://gunkies.org/w/index.php?title=32v_1m_eqn&feed=atom&action=history32v 1m eqn - Revision history2024-03-29T07:33:43ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.30.0https://gunkies.org/w/index.php?title=32v_1m_eqn&diff=11285&oldid=prevNeozeed: update formatting2015-09-22T23:44:40Z<p>update formatting</p>
<a href="https://gunkies.org/w/index.php?title=32v_1m_eqn&diff=11285&oldid=6963">Show changes</a>Neozeedhttps://gunkies.org/w/index.php?title=32v_1m_eqn&diff=6963&oldid=prevNeozeed: New page: == NAME == eqn, neqn, checkeq - typeset mathematics == SYNOPSIS == eqn [ -dxy ] [ -pn ] [ -sn ] [ -fn ] [ file ] ... checkeq [ file ] ... == DESCRIPTION == _E_q_...2009-10-26T14:03:23Z<p>New page: == NAME == eqn, neqn, checkeq - typeset mathematics == SYNOPSIS == eqn [ -dxy ] [ -pn ] [ -sn ] [ -fn ] [ file ] ... checkeq [ file ] ... == DESCRIPTION == _E_q_...</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><br />
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== NAME ==<br />
eqn, neqn, checkeq - typeset mathematics<br />
<br />
== SYNOPSIS ==<br />
eqn [ -dxy ] [ -pn ] [ -sn ] [ -fn ] [ file ] ...<br />
checkeq [ file ] ...<br />
<br />
== DESCRIPTION ==<br />
_E_q_n is a troff(1) preprocessor for typesetting mathematics<br />
on a Graphic Systems phototypesetter, _n_e_q_n on terminals.<br />
Usage is almost always<br />
<br />
eqn file ... | troff<br />
neqn file ... | nroff<br />
<br />
If no files are specified, these programs reads from the<br />
standard input. A line beginning with `.EQ' marks the start<br />
of an equation; the end of an equation is marked by a line<br />
beginning with `.EN'. Neither of these lines is altered, so<br />
they may be defined in macro packages to get centering,<br />
numbering, etc. It is also possible to set two characters<br />
as `delimiters'; subsequent text between delimiters is also<br />
treated as _e_q_n input. Delimiters may be set to characters _x<br />
and _y with the command-line argument -d_x_y or (more commonly)<br />
with `delim _x_y' between .EQ and .EN. The left and right<br />
delimiters may be identical. Delimiters are turned off by<br />
`delim off'. All text that is neither between delimiters<br />
nor between .EQ and .EN is passed through untouched.<br />
<br />
The program _c_h_e_c_k_e_q reports missing or unbalanced delimiters<br />
and .EQ/.EN pairs.<br />
<br />
Tokens within _e_q_n are separated by spaces, tabs, newlines,<br />
braces, double quotes, tildes or circumflexes. Braces {}<br />
are used for grouping; generally speaking, anywhere a single<br />
character like _x could appear, a complicated construction<br />
enclosed in braces may be used instead. Tilde ~ represents<br />
a full space in the output, circumflex ^ half as much.<br />
<br />
Subscripts and superscripts are produced with the keywords<br />
sub and sup. Thus _x _s_u_b _i makes $x sub i$, _a _s_u_b _i _s_u_p _2<br />
produces $a sub i sup 2$, and _e _s_u_p {_x _s_u_p _2 + _y _s_u_p _2}<br />
gives $e sup {x sup 2 + y sup 2}$.<br />
<br />
Fractions are made with over: _a _o_v_e_r _b yields $a over b$.<br />
<br />
sqrt makes square roots: _1 _o_v_e_r _s_q_r_t {_a_x _s_u_p _2 +_b_x+_c}<br />
results in $1 over sqrt {ax sup 2 +bx+c}$ .<br />
<br />
The keywords from and to introduce lower and upper limits on<br />
arbitrary things: $lim from {n-> inf} sum from 0 to n x sub<br />
i$ is made with _l_i_m _f_r_o_m {_n-> _i_n_f } _s_u_m _f_r_o_m _0 _t_o _n _x _s_u_b _i.<br />
<br />
Left and right brackets, braces, etc., of the right height<br />
are made with left and right: _l_e_f_t [ _x _s_u_p _2 + _y _s_u_p _2 _o_v_e_r<br />
_a_l_p_h_a _r_i_g_h_t ] ~=~_1 produces $left [ x sup 2 + y sup 2 over<br />
alpha right ] ~=~1$. The right clause is optional. Legal<br />
characters after left and right are braces, brackets, bars,<br />
c and f for ceiling and floor, and "" for nothing at all<br />
(useful for a right-side-only bracket).<br />
<br />
Vertical piles of things are made with pile, lpile, cpile,<br />
and rpile: _p_i_l_e {_a _a_b_o_v_e _b _a_b_o_v_e _c} produces $pile {a above<br />
b above c}$. There can be an arbitrary number of elements<br />
in a pile. lpile left-justifies, pile and cpile center,<br />
with different vertical spacing, and rpile right justifies.<br />
<br />
Matrices are made with matrix: _m_a_t_r_i_x { _l_c_o_l { _x _s_u_b _i _a_b_o_v_e<br />
_y _s_u_b _2 } _c_c_o_l { _1 _a_b_o_v_e _2 } } produces $matrix { lcol { x<br />
sub i above y sub 2 } ccol { 1 above 2 } }$. In addition,<br />
there is rcol for a right-justified column.<br />
<br />
Diacritical marks are made with dot, dotdot, hat, tilde,<br />
bar, vec, dyad, and under: _x _d_o_t = _f(_t) _b_a_r is $x dot = f(t)<br />
bar$, _y _d_o_t_d_o_t _b_a_r ~=~ _n _u_n_d_e_r is $y dotdot bar ~=~ n<br />
under$, and _x _v_e_c ~=~ _y _d_y_a_d is $x vec ~=~ y dyad$.<br />
<br />
Sizes and font can be changed with size _n or size +__n, roman,<br />
italic, bold, and font _n. Size and fonts can be changed glo-<br />
bally in a document by gsize _n and gfont _n, or by the<br />
command-line arguments -s_n and -f_n.<br />
<br />
Normally subscripts and superscripts are reduced by 3 point<br />
sizes from the previous size; this may be changed by the<br />
command-line argument -p_n.<br />
<br />
Successive display arguments can be lined up. Place mark<br />
before the desired lineup point in the first equation; place<br />
lineup at the place that is to line up vertically in subse-<br />
quent equations.<br />
<br />
Shorthands may be defined or existing keywords redefined<br />
with define: _d_e_f_i_n_e _t_h_i_n_g % _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t % defines a new<br />
token called _t_h_i_n_g which will be replaced by _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t<br />
whenever it appears thereafter. The % may be any character<br />
that does not occur in _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t.<br />
<br />
Keywords like _s_u_m ( sum ) _i_n_t ( int ) _i_n_f ( inf ) and short-<br />
hands like >= (>=) -> (->), and != ( != ) are recognized.<br />
Greek letters are spelled out in the desired case, as in<br />
_a_l_p_h_a or _G_A_M_M_A. Mathematical words like sin, cos, log are<br />
made Roman automatically. _T_r_o_f_f(1) four-character escapes<br />
like \(bs () can be used anywhere. Strings enclosed in dou-<br />
ble quotes "..." are passed through untouched; this permits<br />
keywords to be entered as text, and can be used to communi-<br />
cate with _t_r_o_f_f when all else fails.<br />
<br />
== SEE ALSO ==<br />
[[32v 1m troff|troff(1)]], [[32v 1m tbl|tbl(1)]], [[32v 7m ms|ms(7)]], [[32v 7m eqnchar|eqnchar(7)]]<br />
B. W. Kernighan and L. L. Cherry, _T_y_p_e_s_e_t_t_i_n_g _M_a_t_h_e_m_a_t_i_c_s-<br />
_U_s_e_r'_s _G_u_i_d_e<br />
J. F. Ossanna, _N_R_O_F_F/_T_R_O_F_F _U_s_e_r'_s _M_a_n_u_a_l<br />
<br />
== BUGS ==<br />
To embolden digits, parens, etc., it is necessary to quote<br />
them, as in `bold "12.3"'.<br />
<br />
[[Category:32v man section 1]]</div>Neozeed