Difference between revisions of "UNIX"

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{{Infobox OS
 
{{Infobox OS
| name = Unix
+
| name = UNIX
 
| creator = Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy at Bell Labs
 
| creator = Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy at Bell Labs
 
| year introduced = 1969
 
| year introduced = 1969
| architecture = Originally [[PDP-7]], then [[PDP-11]] now cross-platform.
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| architecture = Originally [[PDP-7]], then [[PDP-11 architecture|PDP-11]]; now cross-platform.
| type = Time-sharing
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| type = [[Time-sharing]]
| multitasking = Multitasking with paging/swap
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| multitasking = [[Multi-tasking]] with [[swapping]]/[[virtual memory|paging]] (latter added in a later version)
 
}}
 
}}
  
Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX®) is a computer [[operating system]] originally developed in the 1960s and 1970s by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations.
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'''Unix''' (officially trademarked as '''UNIX'''® - the documentation switched from using 'UNIX' to 'Unix' as of [[Unix Seventh Edition|V7]]) is a computer [[operating system]] originally developed in the 1970s by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy.
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Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations. A number of clones of Unix, which share the interfaces, and 'look and feel', but no code, have also been produced.
  
 
Versions of relevance for hobbyists include:
 
Versions of relevance for hobbyists include:
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* Unix "version 0" for [[PDP-7]] - See https://github.com/DoctorWkt/pdp7-unix
 
* [[Unix System 1]] - The first version of UNIX that has been recently made to run on the [[PDP-11]]
 
* [[Unix System 1]] - The first version of UNIX that has been recently made to run on the [[PDP-11]]
* [[Unix System 5]] - One of first version with known source and binaries available.
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* [[UNIX Fifth Edition|UNIX V5]] - One of first version with known source and binaries available.
* [[Unix System 6]]
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* [[UNIX Sixth Edition|UNIX V6]] - The last version before branches started to appear
* [[Unix System 7]] - One of the most complete and the last generally available and [[PDP-11]] version of Research UNIX
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* [[Unix Seventh Edition|Unix V7]] - One of the most complete and the last generally available and [[PDP-11]] version of Research UNIX
 
* [[32v|Unix/32V]] - A 32bit port of System 7 to the VAX 11/780.
 
* [[32v|Unix/32V]] - A 32bit port of System 7 to the VAX 11/780.
  
 
Unix then went commercial and was sold.  Below is an early ad for AT&T UNIX.
 
Unix then went commercial and was sold.  Below is an early ad for AT&T UNIX.
[[Image:Att842unixcomp.jpg|150px|thumb|left|Unix ad]]
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[[Image:Att842unixcomp.jpg|150px|thumb|right|Unix ad]]
 
* [[Unix SYSIII]]
 
* [[Unix SYSIII]]
 
* [[Unix SYSV]]
 
* [[Unix SYSV]]
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* [[Unix SYSVr4]]
 
* [[Unix SYSVr4]]
  
Meanwhile the [[CSRG]] kept on releasing newer [[BSD]] UNIX's derived from 32v.
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== CSRG releases ==
* [[2.11 BSD]] - A still-maintained version for PDP-11s
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Meanwhile the [[Computer Systems Research Group‎]] kept on releasing newer [[BSD]] UNIX's derived from 32v. Descended from there are several popular versions:
* [[3.0 BSD]] - Derived from 32v, includign a real virtual memory system
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* [[4.0 BSD]] - A vastly improved 3.0
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* [http://www.freebsd.org FreeBSD] focuses on providing a system geared towards a single user.
* [[4.1 BSD]] - These were mostly betas testing new filesystems & the TCP/IP protocol.
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* [[4.2 BSD]] - The first shipping version of BSD with TCP/IP, FFS & termcap for the [[VAX]].
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* [http://www.netbsd.org NetBSD] will run on a variety of 32-bit older systems from the [[VAX]] to the [[Amiga]].   
* [[4.3 BSD]] - A version of pre-POSIX BSD, for the [[VAX]].
 
* [[4.4 BSD]] - Did this version ever ship?
 
* [[Net/1]] - The TCP/IP source, and other programs free of the AT&T copyrite
 
* [[Net/2]] - Almost an entire release of all the sourceThis was the contention in the AT&T vs CSRG lawsuit.
 
* [[4.4 BSD Lite]] - This was the result of the aformentioned lawsuit.  This was 'lite' in that it removed the offending 6 files.
 
  
[[386 BSD]] This is the first Net/2 derived OS that then spawned the Net/FreeBSD os's.
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* [http://www.openbsd.org OpenBSD] derived from the NetBSD project will run on all kinds of systems.
  
[http://www.freebsd.org FreeBSD] focuses on providing a system geared towards a single user.
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==See also==
  
[http://www.netbsd.org NetBSD] will run on a variety of 32-bit older systems from the [[VAX]] to the [[Amiga]]
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* [[:Category: Unix OS's]]
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* [[:Category: Unix-based OS's]]
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* [[UNIX file system]]
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* [[BSD Fast File System]]
  
[http://www.openbsd.org OpenBSD] derived from the NetBSD project will run on all kinds of systems.
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==External links==
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* [https://www.tuhs.org/ The Unix Heritage Society]
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** [https://minnie.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl The Unix Tree] - Complete source for many early versions of Unix
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* [https://wiki.tuhs.org/doku.php?id=start The Unix Heritage Wiki]
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===Fun links===
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* [http://vrici.lojban.org/~cowan/upc/ The Unix Power Classic: A book about the Unix Way and its power] - Hacker-oriented version of the Dao De Jing
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* [http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/unix-koans/ Rootless Root: The Unix Koans of Master Foo]
  
 
{{Nav Unix}}
 
{{Nav Unix}}
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[[Category: Operating Systems]]

Revision as of 07:10, 8 April 2021


UNIX
Type: Time-sharing
Creator: Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy at Bell Labs
Multitasking: Multi-tasking with swapping/paging (latter added in a later version)
Architecture: Originally PDP-7, then PDP-11; now cross-platform.
Date Released: 1969


Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX® - the documentation switched from using 'UNIX' to 'Unix' as of V7) is a computer operating system originally developed in the 1970s by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy.

Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations. A number of clones of Unix, which share the interfaces, and 'look and feel', but no code, have also been produced.

Versions of relevance for hobbyists include:

Unix then went commercial and was sold. Below is an early ad for AT&T UNIX.

Unix ad

CSRG releases

Meanwhile the Computer Systems Research Group‎ kept on releasing newer BSD UNIX's derived from 32v. Descended from there are several popular versions:

  • FreeBSD focuses on providing a system geared towards a single user.
  • NetBSD will run on a variety of 32-bit older systems from the VAX to the Amiga.
  • OpenBSD derived from the NetBSD project will run on all kinds of systems.

See also

External links

Fun links