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Revision as of 01:34, 27 January 2019

Although I have a wide interest in older computers, I worked with PDP-11's extremely extensively 'back in the day', and consider them perhaps the most elegant architecture ever devised (the power and flexibility they obtained with only 16-bit wide instructions were a revelation when they first appeared), so I have focused on them.

For more about me, see my home page.

Also, I'm an admin here on the CHWiki, so if there are any admin-type tasks you need doing (e.g. deleting a page with a typo in the name; merging edit histories; etc) just drop me a line.

Prototypes

"μ"

xxx might refer to:

{disambiguation}}

Useful links

Pages I have added

Fundamentals

Architecture - Syntax - Namespace - Mapping - State machine‎ - Hierarchy - Backward compatibility‎

Type - Normalization - Variable - Operand - Operator - Expression - Argument

Port - Interface - Network - Address - Address space

Magnetic field - Magnet - Electron - Electrostatic - Current - Ampere - Voltage

Conductor - Insulator - Resistor - Capacitor - Inductor - Ground - Contact - Relay

Direct current - Alternating current - Frequency - Impedance - Transformer

Circuit - Signal - Signal return - Ground return - Propagation delay‎

Noise - Crosstalk - Transmission line‎ - Terminator‎ - Single-ended signalling‎ - Differential pair - Fiber optic‎‎

Components

Semiconductor - Electronic - Vacuum tube - Diode - Transistor - Bipolar - Metal Oxide Semiconductor - Integrated circuit

Mounting box - Connector‎ - Harness - Power harness - Backplane

Power supply‎ - VI conversion - Voltage regulator‎ - Linear power supply - Switching power supply - Buck converter‎ - Amplifier

Analog - Digital - Hardware - Gate - Flip-flop - Logic - Gate array

Gray code - Negative logic

Encoding - Frequency Modulation‎ - Modified Frequency Modulation‎ - Non Return to Zero Inverted - Run-length limited coding

Real-time - Synchronous - Asynchronous - Meta-stability - Synchronizer - Arbiter - Clock

Logic family - Resistor-transistor logic‎ - Diode-transistor logic‎ - Transistor-transistor logic‎ - Open collector - Emitter-coupled logic - Tri-state - 74 series

Jumper - Wire-wrap - Printed circuit board - Chip socket‎ - Surface mount - Berg connector - Flat cable - Over the back‎

Hardware

Data path - Hardware port - Address bus - Data bus

Register - First-In First-Out buffer - Adder - Arithmetic logic unit‎

Central Processing Unit - Front panel‎ - Switch register‎

Instruction - Fetch - Execute - Single-step - Instruction set

Serial computer - Microcode - Firmware

Index register - General register - Pointer - Stack - Array - Random access

Program Counter - Processor Status Word - Stack Pointer - Condition codes

Pipeline - Superscalar‎ - Out-of-order execution‎‎ - Register renaming‎

Co-processor‎‎ - Floating point processor - Multi-processor - Channel - Front end

Interrupt - Interrupt vector - Trap

Memory - Main memory - Access time - Cycle time - Interleaving - Cache - Multi-port memory

Architecture

Segment - Memory management‎ - Base and bounds - Protection key‎ - Swapping

Virtual address - Virtual memory - Page table‎ - Page fault - Single-level store

Conditional branch - Control flow - Loop - Subroutine - No-op - Halt

Object code - Absolute address - Relocatable binary

Load-store architecture - Reduced Instruction Set Computer - Complex Instruction Set Computer - Commercial Instruction Set

Bootstrap - Diagnostic - Device driver - Simulator - Emulator

Input/output - Peripheral - Device controller - Programmed I/O - Direct Memory Access - Bus grant - Bus grant line

Supercomputer - Mainframe - Minicomputer - Personal computer - Workstation - Microprocessor - Embedded system‎ - Motherboard‎‎

Devices

Delay line - Williams tube - Core memory - Dynamic RAM - Refresh

Secondary storage - Drive

Magnetic storage - Head - Drum - Disk - Fixed-head disk‎

Magnetic tape - Magnetic tape drive - Magnetic tape controller

Punched card - Paper tape - Printer - Laser printer

Terminal - Keyboard - Printing terminal - Teletype - Joystick - Mouse

Data communication‎‎ - Communication link‎ - Baud rate - Modem

Serial line - Asynchronous serial line - Synchronous serial line

20mA current loop serial line interface - EIA RS-232 serial line interface - EIA RS-422 serial line interface

Display - Cathode ray tube - Raster - Video terminal - Video display

Light pen - Cursor - Graphics - Character generator - Vector graphics - Display program‎ - Bit-mapped display - Pixel

SCSI - Line time clock‎ - Real-time clock‎

Software

Bit - Byte - Word - Character

Binary - Two's complement‎ - Binary-coded decimal - Bi-quinary‎ - Floating point

SIXBIT - ASCII - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code - Multi-media - Font

Gray code - Parity - Checksum - Cyclic redundancy check‎ - Error-correcting code

Software - Program - Self-modifying code‎ - Programmer - Debug

Stack frame - Call stack - Local variable - Exception - Condition handler - Unwind - Structure

Programming language - Source code - Assembly language - Macro - Scope

Debugger - Compiler - Cross-compiler - Interpreter

Subroutine package - Library - Run-time system - Run-time library‎

Parser - Garbage collection - Object-oriented‎‎

Job - Process - Thread - Task - Scheduler

Batch - Disk operating system - Multi-tasking - Time-sharing - Real-time system - Virtual machine

Kernel - Microkernel - Hypervisor‎

Buffer - File - File system - Hard link - Byte stream‎ - Pipe - Flow control

User interface - Graphical user interface - Window - Command processor

Application - Editor - Text editor - Screen editor - Image editor‎ - Database

Portable - Software port - Open source

DEC hardware

H960 rack - BA11 mounting boxes

BA11-C Mounting Box - BA11-D Mounting Box - BA11-E Mounting Box - BA11-F Mounting Box - BA11-K mounting box - BA11-L mounting box

BA11-M mounting box - BA11-N mounting box - BA11-S mounting box

Remote Switching Control Bus‎ - 861 Power Controller

DEC standard power wire colour coding - DEC power distribution connectors

H720 Power Supply - H742 Power Supply - H765 Power System - H777 Power Supply‎

DEC standard modular regulators‎ - H744 +5V Regulator - H745 -15V Regulator - H754 +20V, -5V Regulator

System Module - FLIP CHIP details - DEC card form factor - System unit - DEC edge connector contact identification - DEC alphabet

Non-Processor Request - UNIBUS parity‎ - Upgrading QBUS backplanes

DD11-C backplane‎ - DD11-D backplane‎ - DD11-P backplane‎

DEC asynchronous serial line pinout - VT05 Alphanumeric Display Terminal

DEC machines

OMNIBUS - UNIBUS map - MASSBUS - BC11A UNIBUS cable‎ - DB11-A Bus Repeater

DEC indicator panel - DECtape - LINC tape

TU16 magtape drive - TE16 magtape drive - TS03 magtape drive

RS64 disk drive - RS0x disk drive‎ - RK02 disk drive - RP01 disk drive - RP02 disk drive - RP03 disk drive - RP04 disk drive - RX0x floppy drive

PC04/PC05 High-Speed Paper-Tape Reader/Punch

LINC - LINC-8 - PDP-8/S - PDP-8/L - PDP-8/A - FPP8/A Floating Point Processor - PDP-12

PDP-6 - KA10 - KI10 - KL10 - KS10 - DF10 Data Channel‎ - RP10 disk controller - RH10 MASSBUS controller‎

PDP-9 - PDP-15 - UNICHANNEL 15 System - MX15-B Memory Multiplexer

PDP-11's

PDP-11 Memory Management - PDP-11 Extended Instruction Set - FP11 floating point - FIS floating point - PDP-11 Commercial Instruction Set

- KY11

Small Peripheral Controller - Modified UNIBUS Device - Extended UNIBUS

CD interconnect - Private Memory Interconnect

G727 grant continuity card - G7273 grant continuity card - M105 Address Selector - UNIBUS H854 header pinout

KA11 CPU - KY11-A Programmer's Console‎‎ - KT11-B Paging Option - KA11 changes for the KT11-B - KT11-B Technical Manual - KT11-B Major State circuitry

PDP-11/05 - PDP-11/34A - PDP-11/74

KB11-A CPU - KB11-B CPU - KB11-C CPU - KB11-D CPU - KD11-A CPU - KD11-B CPU - KD11-D CPU - KD11-E CPU - KD11-EA CPU - KD11-Z CPU

KD11-E/EA microcode - KY11-LA Operator's Console - KY11-LB Programmer's Console

KE11-E Extended Instruction Set - KT11-C Memory Management Unit - KT11-D Memory Management Unit

KE11-F Floating Instruction Set - FP11-A Floating-Point Processor - FP11-B Floating-Point Processor - FP11-C Floating-Point Processor - FP11-F Floating-Point Processor

KK11-A Cache Memory - MS11 Semiconductor Memory System - MJ11 memory system - MK11 memory system - MS11-K MOS memory

LSI-11 chip set‎‎ - LSI-11 - LSI-11/2 - KEV11-B Extended Instruction Set‎ - KEV11-C Commercial Instruction Set‎ - KUV11 Writeable Control Store‎

F-11 chip set - KDF11 CPUs - KDF11-U CPU - KTF11-A memory management chip - KEF11-A floating point chip - KEF11-B‎ CIS chip - FPF11 floating point processor‎

FPJ11 floating point accelerator - KDJ11 CPUs - KDJ11-B CPU - KDJ11-E CPU - KTJ11-B UNIBUS adapter - PDP-11/83

Able ENABLE

UNIBUS memories - MM11-D core memory - MM11-E and MM1-F core memories - MM11-K core memory - MM11-L core memory - MM11-U core memory

MS11 32KB MOS memory - MS11-L MOS memory‎‎ - MS11-M MOS memory‎‎ - MS11-P MOS memory - Extended UNIBUS memories

QBUS memories - MMV11-A - CMV-[25]xx - CMV-[14]000 - MK8022 - National Semiconductor NS23M - National Semiconductor NS23C - Q-RAM 11

UNIBUS boot ROMs - BM792 ROM - BM873 ROM - M9301 ROM - M9312 ROM

BDV11 Bus Terminator/ROM‎ - QBUS boot ROMs - DEC bootstrap device codes

RH11 MASSBUS controller - RH70 MASSBUS controller

RC11 disk controller - RK11-C disk controller - RP11 disk controller - RL11 disk controller - RX11 floppy disk controller - RX211 floppy disk controller‎

TC11 DECtape controller - TM11 magtape controller - TM02 magtape controller - TM03 magtape controller

IMP11-A ARPANET interface‎‎ - UNIBUS Experimental Ethernet interface‎ - Interlan NI1010A/NI2010A Ethernet interface

DR11 parallel interface - DR11-A General Device Interface - DR11-B parallel interface - DR11-C general device interface

KL11 asynchronous serial line interface‎ - DL11 asynchronous serial line interface - DH11 asynchronous serial line interface

KW11-L Line Time Clock - VT11 Graphic Display Processor - PC11 High-Speed Paper-Tape Reader/Punch Control - CR11 Controller

Non-DEC machines

Texas Instruments - Intel - MIPS

Able Computer‎‎

Data General - Xerox - NeXT Computer, Inc

Whirlwind - UNIVAC I - Atlas - Burroughs B5000‎ - CDC 6600‎ - Honeywell 6000 series‎‎

IBM 604 - IBM 650 - IBM 700 series - IBM 7000 series - Standard Modular System‎

IBM 701 - IBM 704 - IBM 709 - IBM 7030 Stretch - IBM 7070 - IBM 7090 - IBM 7094

Data General Nova 3

Xerox Alto - CADR - IBM PC‎ - IBM-compatible PC

Lear Siegler ADM-3A - Term-Mite ST Smart Terminal

Intel 8085 - Intel x86 - Intel 80486‎ - Intel Pentium

Real mode‎ - Protected mode‎ - Triple fault

Motorola M68000 Family - Motorola MC68000 - Motorola MC68030 - Motorola MC68040 - Motorola MC68060

National Semiconductor NS405 and NS455 Terminal Management Processor

Extended Industry Standard Architecture - Micro Channel architecture - Peripheral Component Interconnect

Software packages

Ersatz-11 - Bochs

Compatible Time-Sharing System - OS/360 - TOPS-10 - TENEX - MOS operating system

2.10BSD - 2.11BSD - UNIX file system - BSD Fast File System

Installing UNIX Sixth Edition - Upgrading UNIX Sixth Edition - Installing UNIX Sixth Edition on Ersatz-11 - Running an LSI-11 from Unix V6 - Running UNIX V6 on an -11/23 - Installing Unix Seventh Edition

ALGOL - BCPL - B programming language - DIBOL - Typesetter C - Java

Hypertext - Hypertext Markup Language‎‎

Video game

Hello, world - Vi editor

Networking

Communication network - Data network - Circuit-switching - Physical network - Network interface

Wide area network‎ - Local area network‎ - Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection‎‎

Switching node - Host - Client - Server

Routing architecture‎ - Path selection‎‎ - Routing table‎ - Routing loop - Link state - Routing protocol‎‎

Packet - Datagram - Packet switch - Internetwork - Router

Protocol - Protocol suite - Internetworking layer - Reliable byte stream‎ - End to end

Networking port - Connection - Sequence number‎ - Acknowledgement - Timeout - Retransmission

Host-to-IMP Protocol‎ - CYCLADES - PARC Universal Packet - Big-endian - Little-endian

Internet - Internet Protocol - User Datagram Protocol‎ - Transmission Control Protocol - Domain Name System

Interior gateway protocol‎ - Routing Information Protocol‎ - Open Shortest Path First‎‎ - Intermediate System to Intermediate System‎

Exterior gateway protocol‎‎ - Autonomous System‎ - Exterior Gateway Protocol‎‎ - Border Gateway Protocol‎‎

Telnet - File Transfer Protocol‎‎ - Email - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol‎ - Hypertext Transfer Protocol - World Wide Web - Browser

Other

Computer operator - User - Multi-user - End-user

Original Equipment Manufacturer - Field service‎ - Engineering Change Order

Request for Comments - Vonada's Engineering Maxims

Project MAC‎ - MIT Laboratory for Computer Science - MIT Artifical Intelligence Laboratory‎ - Internet Engineering Task Force‎ - Bitsavers

Pages I have substantially upgraded

Dual Inline Package - Random Access Memory

Operating system - Symbolic link

Digital Equipment Corporation - International Business Machines

FLIP CHIP

PDP-8 - PDP-8/I - PDP-8/E

PDP-10 - TM10 Magnetic Tape Control

PDP-11 architecture - UNIBUS - QBUS

PDP-11/04 - PDP-11/05 - PDP-11/10 - PDP-11/24 - PDP-11/34 - PDP-11/40 - PDP-11/45 - PDP-11/70 - PDP-11/84

KEV11-A floating point - KDF11-A CPU - KDF11-B CPU - J-11 chip set - KDJ11-A CPU

MSV11-J QBUS memory

RF11 disk controller - RK11 disk controller - RK05 disk drive - RL0x disk drive - RP05 disk drive - RP06 disk drive

TU10 magtape drive

PCL11 Communications System

DZ11 asynchronous serial line interface

CR11 Card Readers

M782 Interrupt Control

Multics - Incompatible Timesharing System - UNIX Sixth Edition

FORTRAN

Emacs editors‎‎ - QED (text editor) - What You See Is What You Get

Interface Message Processor - Network Control Program - Ethernet - CHAOSnet

TCP/IP