Difference between revisions of "ARPANET"
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− | + | The '''ARPANET''' was the first [[packet]]-based [[wide-area network]]; so called because it was initiated, and initially funded, by ARPA. | |
+ | |||
+ | It consisted of [[minicomputer]]s called [[Interface Message Processor]]s ('IMPs', for short) running specialized [[packet switch]]ing [[program|code]], joined together with [[synchronous serial line]]s; [[host]] computers were connected to the IMPs by special bit-serial [[interface]]s (see below). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Protocols== | ||
The [[protocol family]] used on the early ARPANET included: | The [[protocol family]] used on the early ARPANET included: | ||
− | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc714.txt | + | * The [[Host-to-IMP Protocol]], the bottom layer; specified in [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/bbn/imp/BBN1822_Jan1976.pdf BBN Report #1822] (multiple editions over time) |
− | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc354.txt | + | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc165.txt ICP], Initial connection protocol |
+ | * [http://www.cbi.umn.edu/hostedpublications/pdf/McKenzieNCP1972.pdf Host-to-Host Protocol] (early version [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc714.txt here]) | ||
+ | |||
+ | These two latter protocols formed the [[Network Control Program]], which all the [[application]] [[protocol]]s ran over. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Those included: | ||
+ | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc542.txt FTP] (early version [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc354.txt here]) | ||
* [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc97.txt TELNET] | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc97.txt TELNET] | ||
− | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc772.txt | + | * [http://ana-3.lcs.mit.edu/~jnc/history/Mail_Protocol.txt MAIL] ([http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc772.txt here] is a much later proposal which eventually became [[SMTP]]) |
+ | * [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc742.txt NAME/FINGER] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Further reading== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * F.E. Heart, R.E. Kahn, S.M. Ornstein, W.R. Crowther, and D.C. Walden, "[http://www.walden-family.com/public/1970-imp-afips.pdf The interface message processor for the ARPA computer network]", Proceedings AFIPS, 1970 SJCC, Vol. 36, pp. 551-567. | ||
+ | * J.M. McQuillan, W.R. Crowther, B.P. Cosell, D.C. Walden, and F.E. Heart, "[http://walden-family.com/impcode/1972-improvements-paper.pdf Improvements in the Design and Performance of the ARPA Network]", Proceedings AFIPS, 1972 FJCC, Vol. 40, pp. 741-754. | ||
+ | * John M. McQuillan, David C. Walden, "[http://www.walden-family.com/public/whole-paper.pdf The ARPA Network Design Decisions]", in "Computer Networks", Vol. 1, No. 5, August 1977, pp. 243-289. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==External links== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [http://www.chiappa.net/~jnc/tech/arpanet.html ARPANET Technical Information] | ||
+ | ** [http://www.chiappa.net/~jnc/tech/arpageo.html ARPANET Technical Information: Geographic Maps] | ||
+ | ** [http://www.chiappa.net/~jnc/tech/arpalog.html ARPANET Technical Information: Logical Maps] | ||
+ | ** [http://www.chiappa.net/~jnc/tech/arpapkt.html ARPANET Technical Information: Packet Formats] | ||
+ | ** [http://www.chiappa.net/~jnc/tech/arpaprot.html ARPANET Technical Information: ARPANET Protocol Handbook] | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{semi-stub}} | ||
− | + | [[Category: Networking]] |
Revision as of 16:40, 4 July 2020
The ARPANET was the first packet-based wide-area network; so called because it was initiated, and initially funded, by ARPA.
It consisted of minicomputers called Interface Message Processors ('IMPs', for short) running specialized packet switching code, joined together with synchronous serial lines; host computers were connected to the IMPs by special bit-serial interfaces (see below).
Protocols
The protocol family used on the early ARPANET included:
- The Host-to-IMP Protocol, the bottom layer; specified in BBN Report #1822 (multiple editions over time)
- ICP, Initial connection protocol
- Host-to-Host Protocol (early version here)
These two latter protocols formed the Network Control Program, which all the application protocols ran over.
Those included:
- FTP (early version here)
- TELNET
- MAIL (here is a much later proposal which eventually became SMTP)
- NAME/FINGER
Further reading
- F.E. Heart, R.E. Kahn, S.M. Ornstein, W.R. Crowther, and D.C. Walden, "The interface message processor for the ARPA computer network", Proceedings AFIPS, 1970 SJCC, Vol. 36, pp. 551-567.
- J.M. McQuillan, W.R. Crowther, B.P. Cosell, D.C. Walden, and F.E. Heart, "Improvements in the Design and Performance of the ARPA Network", Proceedings AFIPS, 1972 FJCC, Vol. 40, pp. 741-754.
- John M. McQuillan, David C. Walden, "The ARPA Network Design Decisions", in "Computer Networks", Vol. 1, No. 5, August 1977, pp. 243-289.