Installing NetBSD 1.2 on the SIMH MicroVAX II

Installation of NetBSD 1.2 on the MicroVAX II is a little shaky... Also I found that the miniroot from 1.3 is far more stable, and doesn't page on itself...!!

To keep things simple I'm going to stick with the examples...

ini file

set cpu 16M
att tq0 net12.tap
set tq1 dis
set tq2 dis
set tq3 dis
set rq0 rd54
att rq0 rd54.rq0
set rq1 rd54
att rq1 rd54.rq1
set rq2 dis
set rq3 dis
set cr dis
set ry dis
att ts dis
set rl dis
set lpt dis
set xq dis
set dz lines=8
boot cpu

building the tape

#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
use strict;

# Based on mkdisttap.pl
# ftp://ftp.mrynet.com/pub/os/PUPS/PDP-11/Boot_Images/2.11_on_Simh/211bsd/mkdist
tap.pl

#
# $Id: mkdisttap.pl,v 1.1 2006/09/16 23:33:46 kirk Exp kirk $
#

# Based on the example in the HOWTO using dd.  Does not work!
# add_file("cat mtboot mtboot boot |", 512);

# Based on the maketape.c program and the maketape.data data file.
add_file("tk50-file1-12", 512);
end_file();
add_file("tk50-file2-13A", 512);
end_file();
add_file("base.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("etc.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("man.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("games.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("comp.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("misc.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("text.tar", 10240);
end_file();
add_file("ksrc.tar", 10240);
end_file();
end_file();

sub end_file {
  print "\x00\x00\x00\x00";
}

sub add_file {
  my($filename, $blocksize) = @_;
  my($block, $bytes_read, $length);

  open(FILE, $filename) || die("Can't open $filename: $!");
  while($bytes_read = read(FILE, $block, $blocksize)) {
    if($bytes_read < $blocksize) {
      $block .= "\x00" x ($blocksize - $bytes_read);
      $bytes_read = $blocksize;
    }
    $length = pack("V", $bytes_read);
    print $length, $block, $length;
  }
  close(FILE);
}

Preparing the hard disk

the instructions need us to know the geometry of a disk, and all of it's parameters.. So for me it's a tad daunting, but they do give an RD54 as an example. Here is the disktab entry:

rd54|RD54|DEC RD54 on Microvax:\
        :ty=winchester:ns#17:nt#15:nc#1225:\
        :dt=MSCP:\
        :pa#15884:oa#0:ba#8192:fa#1024:\
        :pb#33440:ob#15884:bb#8192:fb#1024:tb=swap:\
        :pc#311200:oc#0:bc#8192:fc#1024:\
        :pd#15884:od#49324:bd#4096:fd#512:\
        :pe#55936:oe#65208:be#8192:fe#1024:\
        :pf#190485:of#121144:bf#8192:ff#1024:\
        :pg#261876:og#49324:bg#8192:fg#1024:\
        :b0=rdboot:

With this knowledge we can start the disk label.

running edisklabel

VAX simulator V3.8-1
Loading boot code from ka655x.bin

←[c
KA655-B V5.3, VMB 2.7
Performing normal system tests.
40..39..38..37..36..35..34..33..32..31..30..29..28..27..26..25..
24..23..22..21..20..19..18..17..16..15..14..13..12..11..10..09..
08..07..06..05..04..03..
Tests completed.
>>>b/3 mua0
(BOOT/R5:3 MUA0



  2..
-MUA0
  1..0..


howto 0x3, bdev 0x12, booting...
10556+552+33996 start 0x0

Nboot
: edlabel
12524+676+42280 start 0x0
With this program you can modify everything in the on-disk
disklabel. To do something useful you must know the exact
geometry of your disk, and have ideas about how you want
your partitions to be placed on disk. Some hints:
The a partition should be at least ~20000 blocks, the
b (swap) is depending on your use of the machine but it
should almost never be less than ~32000 blocks.

Disk geometry for most DEC disks can be found in the disktab
file, and disknames is listed in the installation notes.

Remember that disk names is given as disk(adapt, ctrl, disk, part)
when using the installation tools.

Label which disk? ra(0,0,0,0)
getdisklabel: no disk label
ra(0,0,0,0): no disk label
(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : e

First set disk type. Valid types are:
0  unknown
1  SMD
2  MSCP
3  old DEC
4  SCSI
5  ESDI
6  ST506
7  HP-IB
8  HP-FL
9  type 9
10  floppy
11  ccd
12  vnd

Numeric disk type? [0] 2
Disk name? [] rd54
badsectoring? [n]
ecc? [n]
removable? [n]
Interleave? [0] 1
rpm? [0] 3600
trackskew? [0]
cylinderskew? [0]
headswitch? [0]
track-to-track? [0]
drivedata 0? [0]
drivedata 1? [0]
drivedata 2? [0]
drivedata 3? [0]
drivedata 4? [0]

bytes/sector? [0] 512
sectors/track? [0] 17
tracks/cylinder? [0] 15
sectors/cylinder? [0] 255
cylinders? [0] 1221
a partition: offset? [0]
             size? [0] 20000
b partition: offset? [0] 20000
             size? [0] 20000
c partition: offset? [0]
             size? [0] 311200
d partition: offset? [0]
             size? [0]
e partition: offset? [0] 40000
             size? [0] 271200
f partition: offset? [0]
             size? [0]
g partition: offset? [0]
             size? [0]
h partition: offset? [0]
             size? [0]
(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : s


disk type 2 (MSCP),  rd54:
interleave 1, rpm 3600, trackskew 0, cylinderskew 0
headswitch 0, track-to-track 0, drivedata: 0 0 0 0 0

bytes/sector: 512
sectors/track: 17
tracks/cylinder: 15
sectors/cylinder: 255
cylinders: 1221

8 partitions:
     size   offset
a:   20000,    0
b:   20000,    20000
c:   311200,    0
d:   0,    0
e:   271200,    40000
f:   0,    0
g:   0,    0
h:   0,    0

(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : w

This program does not (yet) write bootblocks, only disklabel.
Remember to write the bootblocks from the miniroot later with the
command "disklabel -B <diskname>".

(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : q
Label which disk? q
q: no disk label
(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : q
Label which disk?
Simulation stopped, PC: 00103083 (BEQL 10307C)
sim> q
Goodbye

Running copy

Loading boot code from ka655x.bin

←[c
KA655-B V5.3, VMB 2.7
Performing normal system tests.
40..39..38..37..36..35..34..33..32..31..30..29..28..27..26..25..
24..23..22..21..20..19..18..17..16..15..14..13..12..11..10..09..
08..07..06..05..04..03..
Tests completed.
>>>b/3 mua0
(BOOT/R5:3 MUA0



  2..
-MUA0
  1..0..


howto 0x3, bdev 0x12, booting...
10556+552+33996 start 0x0

Nboot
: copy
11248+564+33948 start 0x0

copy:
This program will read miniroot from tape/floppy/disk
and install this miniroot onto disk.


Specify the device to read from as xx(N,?), where
xx is the device-name, ? is file/partition number
and N is the unit-number, e.g.
"tms(0,1)" for the first TMSCP-tape (TK50),
"ra(2,0)" for the third MSCP-disk/floppy (RX33/RX50)

device to read from ? tms(0,1)

Specify number of blocks to transfer. Usually this is
sizeof(miniroot) / 512.
It's safe to transfer more blocks than just the miniroot.

number of blocks ? 4096

If your miniroot is split into volumes, then you must
specify the number of blocks per volume.
(e.g. 800 blocks per RX50, 2400 blocks per RX33)

number of blocks per volume ? [4096]

Make sure unit tms(0,1) is online and holds the proper volume.
Then type 'g' to Go or 'a' to Abort.

OK to go on ? [g/a] g
Reading ... Reading of miniroot done. (4096 blocks read)


Now specify the device to write miniroot to as xx(N,1)
where xx is the drive type and N is the drive number.
For example: ra(0,1) refers to MSCP drive #0, b partition

Root disk ? : ra(0,0,1)
Initializing partition ... done.
(4096 blocks written.)

Halt the machine and reboot from distribution media,
giving second partition as part to mount as root. Ex:
: ra(0,1) for ra disk 0, hp(2,1) for massbuss disk 2

Halt/Reboot the machine NOW.

Infinite loop, PC: 00100613 (BRB 100613)
sim> q
Goodbye

booting the miniroot

VAX simulator V3.8-1
Loading boot code from ka655x.bin

←[c
KA655-B V5.3, VMB 2.7
Performing normal system tests.
40..39..38..37..36..35..34..33..32..31..30..29..28..27..26..25..
24..23..22..21..20..19..18..17..16..15..14..13..12..11..10..09..
08..07..06..05..04..03..
Tests completed.
>>>b/3 mua0
(BOOT/R5:3 MUA0



  2..
-MUA0
  1..0..


howto 0x3, bdev 0x12, booting...
10556+552+33996 start 0x0

Nboot
: ra(0,1)netbsd
621568+32768+85724 start 0x8b414
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.

NetBSD 1.2_ALPHA (GENERIC) #2: Sun Jun 23 11:26:00 MET DST 1996
    ragge@urgoriyf:/usr/src/sys/arch/vax/compile/GENERIC

realmem = 16744448
avail mem = 13292544
Using 817 buffers containing 836608 bytes of memory.
backplane0 (root)
cpu0 at backplane0sbi0 at backplane0: Q22
uba0 at sbi0 tr0
uda0 at uba0 csr 172150 vec 774, ipl 15
uda0: version 3 model 3
uda0: DMA burst size set to 4
ra0 at uda0 slave 0: rd54, size = 311200 sectors
zs0: timeout waiting for TS_SSR
zs0: timeout waiting for TS_SSR
zs0: timeout waiting for TS_SSR
zs0: timeout waiting for TS_SSR
zs0: timeout waiting for TS_SSR
zs0: timeout waiting for TS_SSR
tmscp0 at uba0 csr 174500 vec 760, ipl 15
tms0 at tmscp0 slave 0
qe0 at uba0 csr 174440 vec 754 ipl 15
qe0: delqa, hardware address 08:00:2b:aa:bb:cc
dz0 at uba0 csr 160100 vec 304 ipl 15
root device? ra0*
♦WARNING: Clock has gained 47 days - CHECK AND RESET THE DATE.
Preserved 3687 blocks of miniroot leaving 16313 pages of swap
                                               Segv in kernel mode: rv 1
Trap: type c, code 0, pc 800158b3, psl 4150004
P0BR 80653400   P1BR 7fe4c800   P0LR     15dc   P1LR   1fff00
KSP  830435a4   ISP  80148aec   USP  7fffddec
R0          0   R1   81cedd40   R2   830435c0   R3   81cedd40
R4   ffffffff   R5         15   R6   81cedd00   R7         14
R8   20007461   R9   81cf6100   R10  81cf6dc0   R11  8304369c
FP   80148b88   AP   80148b9c   PC   800158b3   PSL   4150004
panic: trap: adr 0
Stopped at      0x80091b08:     bbs     $6, 60(r6), 0x80091b10
db>

Oops. :(

single user mode steps

disklabel -B /dev/ra0
newfs /dev/ra0a
newfs /dev/ra0e
mount /dev/ra0a /mnt
sync
mkdir /mnt/usr
mount /dev/ra0e /mnt/usr
sync
mt -f /dev/nrmt0 rew
mt -f /dev/nrmt0 fsf 2
tar -xvmf /dev/nrmt0
sync
mt -f /dev/nrmt0 fsf
tar -xvmf /dev/nrmt0
sync
cd /mnt/dev
./MAKEDEV ra0
sync
./MAKEDEV std
sync
cat > /mnt/etc/fstab
/dev/ra0a       /               ffs     rw 1 1
/dev/ra0e       /usr            ffs     rw 1 2
/dev/ra0b       none            swap    sw 0 0

Full boot #1

VAX simulator V3.8-1
Loading boot code from ka655x.bin

←[c
KA655-B V5.3, VMB 2.7
Performing normal system tests.
40..39..38..37..36..35..34..33..32..31..30..29..28..27..26..25..
24..23..22..21..20..19..18..17..16..15..14..13..12..11..10..09..
08..07..06..05..04..03..
Tests completed.
>>>b/3 dua0
(BOOT/R5:3 DUA0



  2..
-DUA0
  1..0..


howto 0x3, bdev 0x11, booting...done. (11108+33996)

Nboot
: ra(0,0)netbsd
621568+32768+85720 start 0x8b454
[ netbsd symbol table not valid ]
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.

NetBSD 1.2 (GENERIC) #0: Sun Nov 15 21:25:36 PST 1998
    root@myname.my.domain:/usr/src/sys/arch/vax/compile/GENERIC

realmem = 16744448
avail mem = 13292544
Using 817 buffers containing 836608 bytes of memory.
backplane0 (root)
cpu0 at backplane0sbi0 at backplane0: Q22
uba0 at sbi0 tr0
uda0 at uba0 csr 172150 vec 774, ipl 15
uda0: version 3 model 3
uda0: DMA burst size set to 4
ra0 at uda0 slave 0: rd54, size = 311200 sectors
tmscp0 at uba0 csr 174500 vec 770, ipl 15
tms0 at tmscp0 slave 0
qe0 at uba0 csr 174440 vec 764 ipl 15
qe0: delqa, hardware address 08:00:2b:aa:bb:cc
dz0 at uba0 csr 160100 vec 304 ipl 15
root device? ra0a
♦Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:
# setting tty flags
starting network
add host myname.my.domain: gateway localhost
starting rpc daemons: portmap.
starting system logger, time daemontimed: no network usable
.
checking for core dump...
savecore: no core dump
checking quotas: done.
building databases...
chmod: /dev/tty[pqrs]*: No such file or directory
clearing /tmp
standard daemons: update cron.
starting network daemons: routed printer inetd.
creating runtime link editor directory cache.
starting local daemons:.
Wed Dec  9 23:35:06 PST 1998
Dec  9 23:35:06 myname init: kernel security level changed from 0 to 1
?
NetBSD_öáx (íùîáíe.íù.äoíáiîc (coîóolec?
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loçiî: 

It works...