Difference between revisions of "Silicon Valley"
From Computer History Wiki
m (→Further reading: +How Silicon Valley Came to Be) |
(Correct Ampex history) |
||
| (One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
* [[Hewlett-Packard]], founded in 1939 to produce test instruments; | * [[Hewlett-Packard]], founded in 1939 to produce test instruments; | ||
| − | * [[Varian Associates]], rooted in a research partnership established in 1937 between the Varian brothers and Stanford, was founded in 1948 to produce [[klystron]] [[vacuum tube|tubes]], the first tube which could amplify | + | * [[Varian Associates]], rooted in a research partnership established in 1937 between the Varian brothers and Stanford, was founded in 1948 to produce [[klystron]] [[vacuum tube|tubes]], the first tube which could amplify [[microwave]]s; |
| − | * [[Ampex]], founded in | + | * [[Ampex]], founded in 1944, went on to build [[magnetic tape drive]]s; |
* [[Fairchild Semiconductor]], an un-planned 1957 spinoff of [[Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory]] (set up in 1956); it went on to have [[Intel]] as an un-planned descendant in 1968. | * [[Fairchild Semiconductor]], an un-planned 1957 spinoff of [[Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory]] (set up in 1956); it went on to have [[Intel]] as an un-planned descendant in 1968. | ||
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
* Christophe Lécuyer, [https://books.google.com/books?id=5TgKinNy5p8C ''Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970''], MIT Press, Cambridge, 2006 | * Christophe Lécuyer, [https://books.google.com/books?id=5TgKinNy5p8C ''Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970''], MIT Press, Cambridge, 2006 | ||
* AnnaLee Saxenian, [https://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~anno/Papers/terman.html ''Creating a Twentieth Century Technical Community: Frederick Terman‘s Silicon Valley''], The Inventor and the Innovative Society, The Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, 1995 | * AnnaLee Saxenian, [https://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~anno/Papers/terman.html ''Creating a Twentieth Century Technical Community: Frederick Terman‘s Silicon Valley''], The Inventor and the Innovative Society, The Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, 1995 | ||
| − | * Timothy J. Sturgeon, [http://ipc-lis.mit.edu/globalization/Silicon%20Valley.pdf ''How Silicon Valley Came to Be''], Chapter 1 in ''Understanding Silicon Valley: Anatomy of an Entrepreneurial Region'', Stanford University, 2000 (archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20110818154349/http://ipc-lis.mit.edu/globalization/Silicon%20Valley.pdf here]) | + | * Timothy J. Sturgeon, [http://ipc-lis.mit.edu/globalization/Silicon%20Valley.pdf ''How Silicon Valley Came to Be''], Chapter 1 in ''Understanding Silicon Valley: Anatomy of an Entrepreneurial Region'', Stanford University, 2000 (archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20110818154349/http://ipc-lis.mit.edu/globalization/Silicon%20Valley.pdf here]) - explores the deep roots of the electronics industry in the Valley, long before WWII |
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Latest revision as of 06:31, 6 July 2025
Silicon Valley is the name for the large collection of hardware and software organizations (most, but not all, of them commercial companies) around the San Francisco Bay. They were in some sense almost all rooted in Stanford University, in the faculty and researchers there, and the students and trainees they produced.
Among the oldest members of the Valley ecosystem are:
- Hewlett-Packard, founded in 1939 to produce test instruments;
- Varian Associates, rooted in a research partnership established in 1937 between the Varian brothers and Stanford, was founded in 1948 to produce klystron tubes, the first tube which could amplify microwaves;
- Ampex, founded in 1944, went on to build magnetic tape drives;
- Fairchild Semiconductor, an un-planned 1957 spinoff of Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory (set up in 1956); it went on to have Intel as an un-planned descendant in 1968.
See also
Further reading
- Christophe Lécuyer, Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970, MIT Press, Cambridge, 2006
- AnnaLee Saxenian, Creating a Twentieth Century Technical Community: Frederick Terman‘s Silicon Valley, The Inventor and the Innovative Society, The Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, 1995
- Timothy J. Sturgeon, How Silicon Valley Came to Be, Chapter 1 in Understanding Silicon Valley: Anatomy of an Entrepreneurial Region, Stanford University, 2000 (archived here) - explores the deep roots of the electronics industry in the Valley, long before WWII
External links
- Secret History of Silicon Valley - extensive coverage of how US government defense contracting contributed to the initial growth of Silicon Valley
- Secret History - excellent index to the above, along with a lengthy bibliography
- Who named Silicon Valley? - covers much else besides the name
- How Did Silicon Valley Become Silicon Valley? (archived here) - lengthy analysis of the factors which led to its growth
- Gregory Gromov, From the Gold Mines of El Dorado to the “Golden” Startups of Silicon Valley - a detailed analysis of one particularly key factor
