Difference between revisions of "UNIX"
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'''Unix''' (officially trademarked as '''UNIX'''® - the documentation switched from using 'UNIX' to 'Unix' as of [[Unix Seventh Edition|V7]]) is a computer [[operating system]] originally developed in the 1970s by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. | '''Unix''' (officially trademarked as '''UNIX'''® - the documentation switched from using 'UNIX' to 'Unix' as of [[Unix Seventh Edition|V7]]) is a computer [[operating system]] originally developed in the 1970s by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy. | ||
| − | Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations. A number of clones of Unix, which share the interfaces, and 'look and feel', but no code, have also been produced. | + | Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations. A number of clones of Unix, which share the interfaces, and 'look and feel', but no code, have also been produced; most notably, [[Linux]]. |
| + | |||
| + | ==Notable versions== | ||
Versions of relevance for hobbyists include: | Versions of relevance for hobbyists include: | ||
| + | |||
* [[PDP-7 Unix|Unix "version 0"]] for [[PDP-7]] | * [[PDP-7 Unix|Unix "version 0"]] for [[PDP-7]] | ||
* [[UNIX First Edition|UNIX V1]] - The first version of UNIX that has been recently made to run on the [[PDP-11]] | * [[UNIX First Edition|UNIX V1]] - The first version of UNIX that has been recently made to run on the [[PDP-11]] | ||
| − | * [[UNIX Fifth Edition|UNIX V5]] - One of first | + | * [[UNIX Fifth Edition|UNIX V5]] - One of first versions with known source and binaries available. |
* [[UNIX Sixth Edition|UNIX V6]] - The last version before branches started to appear | * [[UNIX Sixth Edition|UNIX V6]] - The last version before branches started to appear | ||
| − | * [[Unix Seventh Edition|Unix V7]] - One of the most complete and the last generally available and [[PDP-11]] version of Research UNIX | + | * [[Unix Seventh Edition|Unix V7]] - One of the most complete, and the last generally available and [[PDP-11]] version of Research UNIX |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Unix/32V]] - A 3-2bit port of System 7 to the [[VAX-11/780]]. |
| + | |||
| + | Unix then went commercial and was sold, in a number of releases. (Below is an early ad for AT&T UNIX.) | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
* [[Unix SYSIII]] | * [[Unix SYSIII]] | ||
* [[Unix SYSV]] | * [[Unix SYSV]] | ||
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* [[Unix SYSVr3]] | * [[Unix SYSVr3]] | ||
* [[Unix SYSVr4]] | * [[Unix SYSVr4]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Image:Att842unixcomp.jpg|150px|thumb|left|Unix ad]] | ||
| + | <br clear=all> | ||
== CSRG releases == | == CSRG releases == | ||
| − | |||
| − | + | Meanwhile the [[Computer Systems Research Group]] kept on releasing newer [[BSD]] UNIX's, mostly for the [[VAX]], derived from 32V. These had wide distribution, and tremendous impact; they were a major step in UNIX's road to its current ubiguity. | |
| − | + | Descended from there are several popular versions: | |
| + | * [http://www.freebsd.org FreeBSD] focuses on providing a system geared towards a single user. | ||
| + | * [http://www.netbsd.org NetBSD] will run on a variety of 32-bit older systems from the VAX to the [[Amiga]]. | ||
* [http://www.openbsd.org OpenBSD] derived from the NetBSD project will run on all kinds of systems. | * [http://www.openbsd.org OpenBSD] derived from the NetBSD project will run on all kinds of systems. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| − | * [[:Category: Unix OS's]] | + | * [[:Category:Unix OS's|Unix OS's]] |
| − | * [[:Category: Unix-based OS's]] | + | * [[:Category:Unix-based OS's|Unix-based OS's]] |
* [[UNIX file system]] | * [[UNIX file system]] | ||
* [[BSD Fast File System]] | * [[BSD Fast File System]] | ||
Revision as of 12:49, 2 May 2022
| UNIX | |
| Type: | Time-sharing |
|---|---|
| Creator: | Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy at Bell Labs |
| Multitasking: | Multi-tasking with swapping/paging (latter added in a later version) |
| Architecture: | Originally PDP-7, then PDP-11; now cross-platform. |
| Date Released: | 1969 |
Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX® - the documentation switched from using 'UNIX' to 'Unix' as of V7) is a computer operating system originally developed in the 1970s by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie and Douglas McIlroy.
Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations. A number of clones of Unix, which share the interfaces, and 'look and feel', but no code, have also been produced; most notably, Linux.
Notable versions
Versions of relevance for hobbyists include:
- Unix "version 0" for PDP-7
- UNIX V1 - The first version of UNIX that has been recently made to run on the PDP-11
- UNIX V5 - One of first versions with known source and binaries available.
- UNIX V6 - The last version before branches started to appear
- Unix V7 - One of the most complete, and the last generally available and PDP-11 version of Research UNIX
- Unix/32V - A 3-2bit port of System 7 to the VAX-11/780.
Unix then went commercial and was sold, in a number of releases. (Below is an early ad for AT&T UNIX.)
CSRG releases
Meanwhile the Computer Systems Research Group kept on releasing newer BSD UNIX's, mostly for the VAX, derived from 32V. These had wide distribution, and tremendous impact; they were a major step in UNIX's road to its current ubiguity.
Descended from there are several popular versions:
- FreeBSD focuses on providing a system geared towards a single user.
- NetBSD will run on a variety of 32-bit older systems from the VAX to the Amiga.
- OpenBSD derived from the NetBSD project will run on all kinds of systems.
See also
External links
- The Unix Heritage Society
- The Unix Tree - Complete source for many early versions of Unix
- The Unix Heritage Wiki
- An Oral History of Unix - Lengthy interviews with Thompson, Ritchie, McIlroy, etc
Fun links
- The Unix Power Classic: A book about the Unix Way and its power - Hacker-oriented version of the Dao De Jing
- Rootless Root: The Unix Koans of Master Foo
| v • d • e UNIX Versions, Vendors and Related |
|---|
| Research Unix PDP-7 UNIX • V1 • V2 • V3 • V4 • V5 • V6 • V7 • V8 • V9 • V10 • LSX • MINI-UNIX • Unix/32V
AT&T - CB-UNIX • PWB/UNIX • USG UNIX • System III • System IV • System V BSD - 2.9 BSD • 2.10 BSD • 2.11 BSD • 3BSD • 4BSD • 4.1 BSD • 4.2 BSD • 4.3 BSD • 4.4 BSD BSD Descendants 386BSD • NetBSD • FreeBSD • OpenBSD • NeXTSTEP • Darwin |
| Other - xv6 • AMIX • SunOS • Solaris • ULTRIX • A/UX • XENIX • AIX • Dell UNIX |
