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Revision as of 21:04, 6 January 2021
Although I have a wide interest in older computers, I worked with PDP-11's extremely extensively 'back in the day', and consider them perhaps the most elegant architecture ever devised (the power and flexibility they obtained with only 16-bit wide instructions were a revelation when they first appeared), so I have focused on them.
For more about me, see my home page.
Also, I'm an admin here on the CHWiki, so if there are any admin-type tasks you need doing (e.g. deleting a page with a typo in the name; merging edit histories; etc) just drop me a line.
Prototypes
"μ"
xxx might refer to:
{disambiguation}}
Useful links
- Category list
- New users
- Computer History Wiki:News
- MediaWiki:Sidebar
- My pages
- ToCat
- Stub articles
- Semi-stubs
- Templates:
Pages I have added
Fundamentals
Architecture - Syntax - Namespace - Mapping - State machine - Hierarchy - Backward compatibility - Program compatible
Type - Normalization - Variable - Operand - Operator - Expression - Argument
Port - Interface - Network - Address - Address space
Magnetic field - Magnet - Electron - Electrostatic - Current - Ampere - Voltage
Conductor - Insulator - Resistor - Capacitor - Inductor - Ground - Contact - Relay
Direct current - Alternating current - Frequency - Impedance - Transformer
Circuit - Signal - Signal return - Ground return - Propagation delay
Noise - Interference - Crosstalk - Transmission line - Terminator - Single-ended signalling - Differential pair - Fiber optic
Components
Semiconductor - Electronic - Vacuum tube - Diode - Transistor - Bipolar - Metal Oxide Semiconductor - Integrated circuit
Mounting box - Backplane - Connector - Harness - Power harness - Bus bar
Power supply - VI conversion - Voltage regulator - Linear power supply - Switching power supply - Buck converter - Amplifier
Analog - Digital - Hardware - Gate - Flip-flop - Logic - Gate array
Encoding - Frequency Modulation - Modified Frequency Modulation - Non Return to Zero Inverted - Run-length limited coding
Real-time - Synchronous - Asynchronous - Meta-stability - Synchronizer - Arbiter - Clock
Logic family - Resistor-transistor logic - Diode-transistor logic - Transistor-transistor logic - Open collector - Emitter-coupled logic - Tri-state - 74 series
Jumper - Wire-wrap - Printed circuit board - Chip socket - Surface mount - Berg connector - Flat cable - Flexprint cable - Over the back
Hardware
Data path - Hardware port - Address bus - Data bus
Register - First-In First-Out buffer - Adder - Arithmetic logic unit
Central Processing Unit - Front panel - Switch register
Instruction - Fetch - Execute - Single-step - Instruction set
Serial computer - Microcode - Firmware
Index register - General register - Pointer - Stack - Array - Random access
Program Counter - Processor Status Word - Stack Pointer - Condition codes
Pipeline - Superscalar - Out-of-order execution - Register renaming
Co-processor - Floating point processor - Multi-processor - Channel - Front end
Interrupt - Interrupt vector - Trap
Memory - Main memory - Access time - Cycle time - Interleaving - Cache - Multi-port memory
Repairing un-documented MOS memory boards
Architecture
Segment - Memory management - Base and bounds - Protection key - Swapping
Virtual address - Virtual memory - Page table - Page fault - Single-level store
Jump - Conditional branch - Control flow - Loop - Subroutine - No-op - Halt
Object code - Absolute address - Relocatable binary
Load-store architecture - Reduced Instruction Set Computer - Complex Instruction Set Computer - Commercial Instruction Set
Bootstrap - Diagnostic - Device driver - Simulator - Emulator
Input/output - Peripheral - Device controller - Programmed I/O - Direct Memory Access - Bus grant - Bus grant line
Supercomputer - Mainframe - Minicomputer - Personal computer - Workstation - Microprocessor - Embedded system - Motherboard
Devices
Delay line - Williams tube - Core memory - Dynamic RAM - Refresh
Secondary storage - Mass storage - Drive
Magnetic storage - Head - Drum - Disk - Fixed-head disk
Magnetic tape - Magnetic tape drive - Magnetic tape controller
Punched card - Paper tape - Printer - Laser printer
Terminal - Keyboard - Printing terminal - Teletype - Joystick - Mouse
Data communication - Communication link - Baud rate - Modem
Serial line - Asynchronous serial line - Synchronous serial line - Sync character
20mA current loop serial line interface - EIA RS-232 serial line interface - EIA RS-422 serial line interface
Display - Cathode ray tube - Raster - Video terminal - Video display
Light pen - Cursor - Graphics - Character generator - Vector graphics - Display program - Bit-mapped display - Pixel
Parallel interface - SCSI - Line time clock - Real-time clock
Software
Binary - Two's complement - Binary-coded decimal - Bi-quinary - Floating point
SIXBIT - ASCII - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code - Multi-media - Font
Gray code - Parity - Checksum - Cyclic redundancy check - Error-correcting code
Software - Program - Self-modifying code - Programmer - Debug
Stack frame - Call stack - Local variable - Exception - Condition handler - Unwind - Structure
Programming language - Source code - Assembly language - Macro - Scope
Debugger - Compiler - Cross-compiler - Interpreter
Subroutine package - Library - Run-time system - Run-time library
Parser - Garbage collection - Object-oriented
Job - Process - Thread - Task - Scheduler
Batch - Disk operating system - Single-tasking - Multi-tasking - Time-sharing - Real-time system - Virtual machine
Kernel - Microkernel - Hypervisor
Buffer - File - File system - Hard link - Byte stream - Pipe - Flow control
User interface - Graphical user interface - Window - Command processor
Application - Editor - Text editor - Screen editor - Image editor - Database
Portable - Software port - Open source
DEC hardware
H960 rack - BA11 mounting boxes - DEC indicator panel
BA11-A mounting box - BA11-C Mounting Box - BA11-D Mounting Box - BA11-E Mounting Box - BA11-F Mounting Box - BA11-K mounting box - BA11-L mounting box
BA11-M mounting box - BA11-N mounting box - BA11-S mounting box
Remote Switching Control Bus - 861 Power Controller
DEC standard power wire colour coding - DEC power distribution connectors
H720 Power Supply - H742 Power Supply - H765 Power System - H777 Power Supply - DEC Power Line Monitor
DEC standard modular regulators - H744 +5V Regulator - H745 -15V Regulator - H754 +20V, -5V Regulator
System Module - FLIP CHIP details - DEC card form factor - System unit - DEC edge connector contact identification - DEC alphabet - DEC part numbers
DEC asynchronous serial line pinout - VT05 Alphanumeric Display Terminal
DEC machines
OMNIBUS - UNIBUS map - MASSBUS - BC11A UNIBUS cable - DB11-A Bus Repeater
TU16 magtape drive - TE16 magtape drive - TS03 magtape drive
RS64 disk drive - RS03/04 disk drive - RK02/03 disk drive - RP01 disk drive - RP02 disk drive - RP03 disk drive - RP04 disk drive - RX01/02 floppy drive
PC04/PC05 High-Speed Paper-Tape Reader/Punch
LINC - LINC-8 - PDP-8/S - PDP-8/L - PDP-8/A - FPP8/A Floating Point Processor - PDP-12
PDP-6 - KA10 - KI10 - KL10 - KS10
PDP-10 memories - MA10 core memory - MB10 core memory - MD10 core memory - ME10 core memory - MF10 core memory - MG10 core memory - MH10 core memory - MB20 core memory - MF20 MOS memory - MG20 MOS memory
DF10 Data Channel - RP10 disk controller - RH10 MASSBUS controller
PDP-9 - PDP-15 - UNICHANNEL 15 System - MX15-B Memory Multiplexer
PDP-11's
PDP-11 Extended Instruction Set - FP11 floating point - FIS floating point - PDP-11 Commercial Instruction Set - PDP-11 Memory Management - PDP-11 stacks - PDP-11 family differences appendix
KA11 CPU - KY11-A Programmer's Console - KT11-B Paging Option - KA11 changes for the KT11-B - KT11-B Technical Manual - KT11-B Major State circuitry
PDP-11/05 - PDP-11/34A - PDP-11/74
KB11-A CPU - KB11-B CPU - KB11-C CPU - KB11-D CPU - KD11-A CPU - KD11-B CPU - KD11-D CPU - KD11-E CPU - KD11-EA CPU - KD11-K CPU - KD11-Z CPU
KY11 consoles - KY11-LA Operator's Console - KY11-LB Programmer's Console - KM11-A Maintenance Set - KD11-E/EA microcode
KE11-E Extended Instruction Set - KT11-C Memory Management Unit - KT11-D Memory Management Unit
KE11-F Floating Instruction Set - FP11-A Floating-Point Processor - FP11-B Floating-Point Processor - FP11-C Floating-Point Processor - FP11-E Floating Point Processor - FP11-F Floating-Point Processor
KE11-A Extended Arithmetic Element - KE11-B Extended Arithmetic Element
KK11-A Cache Memory - MS11 Semiconductor Memory System - MJ11 memory system - MK11 memory system - MS11-K MOS memory
LSI-11 chip set - LSI-11 CPUs - LSI-11 - LSI-11/2 - KEV11-B Extended Instruction Set - KEV11-C Commercial Instruction Set - KUV11 Writeable Control Store
F-11 chip set - KDF11 CPUs - KDF11-U CPU - KTF11-A memory management chip - KEF11-A floating point chip - KEF11-B CIS chip - FPF11 floating point processor - KT24 UNIBUS map option
FPJ11 floating point accelerator - KDJ11 CPUs - KDJ11-B CPU - KDJ11-E CPU - KTJ11-B UNIBUS adapter - PDP-11/83
PDP-11 Bootstrap Loader - PDP-11 Absolute Loader
UNIBUS
Non-Processor Request - UNIBUS parity
DD11 backplanes - DD11-C backplane - DD11-D backplane - DD11-P backplane
Small Peripheral Controller - Modified UNIBUS Device - Extended UNIBUS
G727 grant continuity card - G7273 grant continuity card - M105 Address Selector - UNIBUS H854 header pinout
UNIBUS memories - MM11-D core memory - MM11-E and MM1-F core memories - MM11-K core memory - MM11-L core memory - MM11-U core memory
MS11 32KB MOS memory - MS11-L MOS memory - MS11-M MOS memory - MS11-P MOS memory - Extended UNIBUS memories
UNIBUS boot ROMs - BM792 ROM - BM873 ROM - M9301 ROM - M9312 ROM
RC11 disk controller - RK11-C disk controller - RP11 disk controller - RL11 disk controller - RX11 floppy disk controller - RX211 floppy disk controller
TC11 DECtape controller - TM11 magtape controller - TM02 magtape controller - TM03 magtape controller
IMP11-A ARPANET interface - UNIBUS Experimental Ethernet interface - Interlan NI1010A/NI2010A Ethernet interface
DR11 parallel interface - DR11-A General Device Interface - DR11-B parallel interface - DR11-C general device interface - DR11-K parallel interface
KL11 asynchronous serial line interface - DL11 asynchronous serial line interface - DC11 asynchronous serial line interface - DH11 asynchronous serial line interface - DJ11 asynchronous serial line interface - DM11 asynchronous serial line interface - DHU11 asynchronous serial line interface
DP11-A synchronous serial line interface - DUP11 synchronous serial line interface - DM11-BA Modem Control Multiplexor - DM11-BB Modem Control Option - DF11 Communications Line Adapter
KW11-L Line Time Clock - VT11 Graphic Display Processor - PC11 High-Speed Paper-Tape Reader/Punch Control - CR11 Controller
QBUS
QBUS backplanes - Upgrading QBUS backplanes - CD interconnect - Private Memory Interconnect
QBUS memories - PMI memories - MMV11-A - MSV11-M QBUS memory - MSV11-Q QBUS memory - MSV11-R memory module - CMV-[25]xx - CMV-[14]000 - MK8022 - National Semiconductor NS23M - National Semiconductor NS23C - Q-RAM 11
BDV11 Bus Terminator/ROM - QBUS boot ROMs - DEC bootstrap device codes
DLV11 asynchronous serial line interface - DLV11-E asynchronous serial line interface - DLV11-F asynchronous serial line interface - DLV11-J asynchronous serial line interface - DZV11 asynchronous serial line interface - DZQ11 asynchronous serial line interface - DHV11 asynchronous serial line interface - DHQ11 asynchronous serial line interface
DPV11 synchronous serial line interface
MXV11-A Multifunction Option Module - MXV11-B Multifunction Option Module
Non-DEC machines
Texas Instruments - Intel - MIPS
Systems Concepts - Able Computer
Data General - Xerox - NeXT Computer, Inc
Whirlwind - UNIVAC I - Atlas - Burroughs B5000 - CDC 6600 - Honeywell 6000 series
IBM 604 - IBM 650 - IBM 700 series - IBM 7000 series - Standard Modular System
IBM 701 - IBM 704 - IBM 709 - IBM 7030 Stretch - IBM 7070 - IBM 7090 - IBM 7094
Xerox Alto - CADR - IBM PC - IBM-compatible PC
Lear Siegler ADM-3A - Term-Mite ST Smart Terminal
Intel 8085 - Intel x86 - Intel 80486 - Intel Pentium
Real mode - Protected mode - Triple fault
Motorola M68000 Family - Motorola MC68000 - Motorola MC68030 - Motorola MC68040 - Motorola MC68060
National Semiconductor NS405 and NS455 Terminal Management Processor
Extended Industry Standard Architecture - Micro Channel architecture - Peripheral Component Interconnect
Software packages
Compatible Time-Sharing System - OS/360 - TOPS-10 - TENEX - MOS operating system
LSX - MINI-UNIX - 2.10BSD - 2.11BSD - UNIX file system - BSD Fast File System
UNIX V6 internals - Unix V6 kernel memory layout - UNIX V6 dump analysis - Installing UNIX Sixth Edition - Upgrading UNIX Sixth Edition - Running UNIX V6 on an -11/23 - Installing UNIX Sixth Edition on Ersatz-11
Running an LSI-11 from Unix V6 - Installing Unix Seventh Edition
ALGOL - BCPL - B programming language - DIBOL - Typesetter C - Java
Hypertext - Hypertext Markup Language
Networking
Communication network - Data network - Circuit-switching - Physical network - Network interface
Wide area network - Local area network - Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
Switching node - Host - Client - Server
Routing architecture - Path selection - Routing table - Routing loop - Link state - Routing protocol
Packet - Datagram - Packet switch - Internetwork - Router
Protocol - Protocol suite - Internetworking layer - Reliable byte stream - End to end
Networking port - Connection - Sequence number - Acknowledgement - Timeout - Retransmission
Host-to-IMP Protocol - CYCLADES - Digital Data Communications Message Protocol - Big-endian - Little-endian
Internet - Internet Protocol - User Datagram Protocol - Transmission Control Protocol - Domain Name System
Interior gateway protocol - Routing Information Protocol - Open Shortest Path First - Intermediate System to Intermediate System
Exterior gateway protocol - Autonomous System - Exterior Gateway Protocol - Border Gateway Protocol
Telnet - File Transfer Protocol - Email - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - Hypertext Transfer Protocol - World Wide Web - Browser
Other
Computer operator - User - Multi-user - End-user
Original Equipment Manufacturer - Field service - Engineering Change Order
Request for Comments - Vonada's Engineering Maxims
Project MAC - MIT Laboratory for Computer Science - MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory - Internet Engineering Task Force - Bitsavers
Pages I have substantially upgraded
Dual Inline Package - Random Access Memory
Operating system - Symbolic link
Digital Equipment Corporation - International Business Machines
RK05 disk drive - RK06/07 disk drive - RL01/02 disk drive - RM02/03 disk drive - RP05 disk drive - RP06 disk drive
PDP-10 - TM10 Magnetic Tape Control
PDP-11 architecture - UNIBUS - QBUS
PDP-11/04 - PDP-11/05 - PDP-11/10 - PDP-11/24 - PDP-11/34 - PDP-11/40 - PDP-11/44 - PDP-11/45 - PDP-11/70 - PDP-11/84
KEV11-A floating point - KDF11-A CPU - KDF11-B CPU - J-11 chip set - KDJ11-A CPU
RF11 disk controller - RK11 disk controller
DZ11 asynchronous serial line interface
Multics - Incompatible Timesharing System - UNIX Sixth Edition
Emacs editors - QED (text editor) - What You See Is What You Get
Interface Message Processor - Network Control Program - Ethernet - CHAOSnet
